Introduction to Exercise Science

These flashcards cover essential terms and concepts related to the introduction to exercise science and the nervous system.

Motor Unit

A motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates.

Acute Response to Exercise

Immediate physiological changes that occur in the body during and shortly after exercise.

Glycogenolysis

The process of breaking down glycogen into glucose for energy.

Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ)

The synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber.

Monosynaptic Stretch Reflex

A reflex that involves a single synapse between the sensory and motor neuron, responsible for regulating muscle length.

Detraining

Loss of physiological adaptations that occur when training is no longer performed.

Epinephrine

A hormone released by the adrenal gland that increases heart rate and mobilizes energy.

Hippocampus

A brain region involved in memory processing and implicated in depression and schizophrenia.

Beta-Endorphins

Neuropeptides that are released during exercise and contribute to feelings of well-being.

Motor Unit Recruitment Pattern

The sequence in which motor units are activated to produce force.

Neural Adaptations

Changes in the nervous system that increase the efficiency of muscle activation.

Sympathetic Nervous System

Part of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses.

Glyconeogenesis

The process of forming glucose from non-carbohydrate sources.

Synchronization

The ability of motoneurons to activate muscle fibers simultaneously for improved force production.

Golgi Tendon Organ Reflex

A reflex that protects muscles from excessive tension.