Revised Kingdoms and Classification flashcards

Order of taxa (broadest to most specific)

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

What Mnemonic is commonly used?

Dear

King

Philip

Comes

Over

For

Good

Spaghetti

Most inclusive taxa

Domain

Most exclusive taxa

Species

multicellular organisms only 

• Anamalia

• Plantae

Unicellular organisms only 

• Eubacteria 

• Archaeabacteria

Both unicellular and multicellular

• Protista

• Fungi

The six kingdoms:

1. Anamalia

2. Protista

3. Plantae

4. Fungi

5. Eubacteria

6. Archaebacteria

Examples of Anamalia:

Humans, birds , and insects

Examples of plantae:

Flowers, trees, grasses

Examples of fungi:

Mold, yeast, mushrooms

Examples of Protists:

Amoeba, algae, and paramecium

Examples of eubacteria:

E.coli, streptococcus

Examples of archaebacteria:

Methanogens, halophiles, and thermophiles

Prokaryotes:

Archaebacteria, Eubacteria

Eukaryotes:

Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

Binomial nomenclature:

A system that gives each organism a two-part scientific name- developed by Carrolus Linnaeus 

How is binomial nomenclature formatted?

The genus needs to be capitalized, and the species needs to be lowercase. The whole phrase needs to be italicized or underlined. Ex: Homo sapiens

What is Anamalia composed of?

Cell wall

What is Plantae composed of?

Cellulose

What did Carroulus Linnaeus contribute to taxonomy?

He created the classification system “binomial nomenclature” and organized living things into “hierarchical taxonomy”, (kingdom, class. Etc)

Define peptidoglycan

A substance that forms the bacterial cell wall (only in eubacteria)

Define Chitin

A tough polysaccharide found in fungal cell walls and insect exoskeletons

Define cellulose 

A polysaccharide forming plant cell walls

Define taxon:

A group or level of organization in classification. Ex: Kingdom; Species

What are methanogens, halophiles, and thermophiles?

Types of archaea that live in extreme environments

What are the environments of Methanogen?

Produce methane in oxygen-free environments like swamps, animal digestive tracks, landfills

What are the environments of thermophiles?

Live in high temperature environments like hot springs, geysers, and hydrothermal vents.

What are the environments of halophiles?

High-salt environments like salt lakes, salt mines, and marine habitats

Note:

Bacteria Kingdoms are classified by shape, eukaryotes are not

What are eukaryotes?

Organisms that have a true nucleus, and membrane-bound organelles. (can be uni, or multicellular)

What are prokaryotes?

always unicellular but lacking a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles