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Manufacturing Pharmacy
deals with the technology of various official and non-official products manufactured in a semi-commercial and commercial scale.
Industrial Pharmacy
refers to the pharmaceutical research and manufacturing companies providing pharmacists with medicines in prefabricated or ready-to-take form.
Functional Structure
grows all activities based on similarity of functions alone
Divisionalized Structure
combines into one unit all different kinds of work necessary to accomplish a specific result.
LINE
those that have direct responsibility to accomplish the objectives of the enterprise
staff
constitutes work functions or as organization components that are required to supply information and service to the „line‟ components
PURCHASING
watches closely and records all materials used in production
Planning and scheduling
coordinate with Marketing in what products are required for supply, and they plans and schedules the manufacturing of the product.
DISPENSING
an area in the warehouse where raw materials for use in production are weighed and/or measured.
Solutions
a liquid preparation that contains one or more soluble chemical substances dissolved in water
DOUCHES
aqueous solutions directed against a part or into a cavity of the body
Colloidions
They are applied to the skin by the means of a soft brush or other suitable applicator and when the ether and ethanol have evaporated, they leave a film of pyroxyllin on the surface.
ELIXIRS
clear, pleasantly flavoured sweetened hydroalcoholic liquids intended for oral use.
Glycerites
solutions or mixtures of medicinal substances in not less than 50% by weight of glycerin.
Nebulizers
are used for the administration of inhalations.
LINIMENTS
solutions or mixtures of various substances in oil, alcoholic solutions of soap or emulsions.
SPIRITS
popularly known as essences, are alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions of volatile substances
SUSPENSIONS
Two-phase system prepared by combining two immiscible liquids one which is uniformly dispersed through the other and consists of globules that have diameter equal to or greater than those of the largest colloidal particles
GELS
semisolid system of either suspension made up of small inorganic particles or large organic molecules interpenetrated by a liquid.
LOTIONS
usually liquid suspensions or dispersions intended for external application to the body
TINCTURES
alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions prepared from vegetable material or from chemical substances.
OINTMENTS
semisolid preparations intended for external applications to the skin, mucous membranes, usually but not always, contain medicinal substances.
CREAMS
viscous liquid or semisolid emulsions of their oil-or-water or water-in-oil type
product life cycle
is course of a product‟s sales and profits over its lifetime.
GROWTH
This is the stage at which a product’s sales rise rapidly and profits reach a peak, before levelling off into maturity
growth
It is marked by rapid increase in sales and profits of the new product.
maturity
The market becomes saturated in this stage
This is the stage in which sales growth is slows or levels off
Product lifecycle management
The process of managing the entire lifecycle of a product from its conception, through design and manufacture, to service and disposal.
decline
During this stage, the company's product loses more and more market share, and competition tends to cause sales to deteriorate
In – process section
The section of the manufacturing plant which consist of packed products without labels
level III
Consists of the Vice President, General Managers and Department Managers
level II
The function being general management or administrative, includes the active planning, direction, coordination and control of the business within the scope of policies established
level I
Represents and safeguards stockholders interests
staff
This constitutes work functions or as organization components that are required to supply information and service to the “line‟ components
Drug manufacturing
is the process of industrial-scale synthesis of pharmaceutical drugs as part of the pharmaceutical industry
actual yield
The quality that is actually produced at any phase of production of a particular drug based on the initial input.
Active Ingredient or Active
Any component which is intended to furnish pharmacological activity or other effects on the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment or prevention of disease, or to effect the structure or function of the body
batch
A quantity of drug product/device that is homogeneous in character and quality produced during a given cycle of manufacturing and from a specific manufacturing order
batch number
A designation of number or letter or combination thereof that identifies the batch and permits the tracing of the complete history if batch, including all stages of its production, control and distribution. (Also known as Lot Number)
bulk product
Any processed material which has to undergo another process including packaging operation to become a finished product.
component
Any material intended to be used for the manufacturer of a product, whether raw materials or packaging materials.
dispensing
The activity of weighing, counting, or measuring and checking of starting materials and issuing these materials to the appropriate production personnel, details of the activity being duly and properly documented
Date of manufacture
The date indicating the start of processing of every batch
expiration date
A date fixed for each individual batch on or before which the batch is expected to meet the standard specifications for quality, safety and efficacy
finished product
A product which has undergone all stages of manufacturing operations
Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)
It is the system of quality assurance aimed at ensuring that products are consistently manufactured to a quality appropriate for their intended use
in-process control
Checks and tests instituted and carried out in the course of the manufacture of a drug to ensure identity, strength, quality and purity.
intermediate product
Any processed substance or mixture of substances which have to undergo one or more states of processing to become finished product.
lot
A batch or any portion of a batch produced by a continuous process, an amount of drugs produced in a unit of time, or quantity in a manner that ensures its uniformity and in either case is identified by a distinctive lot number and has a uniform character and quality within specified limits
manufacturing /manufacture
The complete set of activities to produce a drug, comprising production and quality control from dispensing of materials to the distribution of the finished product
manufacture order
It is an instruction to the Production or Manufacturing Department to produce a drug distribution
master formula
The standard form where the Manufacturing Order is derived
packaging material
Any material used in the packaging of a bulk product to obtain a finished product
procedures
Description of the operations to be executed, the precautions to be implemented directly or indirectly related to the manufacture of a drug.
processing
The part of the production cycle from weighing of raw materials to finished product.
production
All operations starting from dispensing materials to processing, packaging, to a finished product.
quarantine
An act of holding off a material for use, or a product for packaging or distribution by physically setting it apart or by a system duly validated, pending a decision on release or rejection
raw material
All substances whether active or excipients that are employed in the processing of a finished product
diluent/filler/bulking agent
lactose is widely used as
lubricant
magnesium stearate
disintegrants
are added to a formulation to promote the drug release.
tablet lubricants
are essential components of all tablet formulations, since they prevent sticking of the tablets in the dies.
are added to tablet formulations primarily to reduce friction between the die wall and granules as the tablet is formed and ejected
Tablet glidant
is a substance that is added to a powder to improve its flowability
preservatives
is a substance or a chemical that is added to products such as food products, beverages, pharmaceutical drugs, paints, biological samples, cosmetics, wood, and many other products to prevent decomposition by microbial growth or by undesirable chemical changes.
antioxidants
are substances that may protect your cells against free radicals, which may play a role in heart disease, cancer and other diseases.
wetting agents
increase the spreading and penetrating properties of a liquid by lowering its surface tension.
emulsifying agent/ ointment base
lanolin
emulsifying agent
lauric acid
surfactant
linoleic acid
lubricant
magnesium stearate
Antimicrobial preservative
Propylparaben Sodium
diluent/binder/thickening agent/disintegrant
starch
stiffening agent
stearyl alcohol
binder/sweetener/filler/suspending agent/coating agent
sucrose
glidant/lubricant/diluent
talc
flavoring agent
vanillin
emulsifier/ stiffening/ coating/polishing
wax