water budgets

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7 Terms

1
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water budgets

  • show the annual balance between inputs and outputs and their impact on water availability

  • influenced by climate type

2
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uses of water budgets

  • at both national and regional scale:

    • provide useful indication of the amount of water available for human use

  • at a local scale:

    • provide info about available soil water

3
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aspects of water budgets

  • soil moisture deficit

  • soil moisture recharge

  • soil moisture surplus

  • soil moisture utilisation

4
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soil moisture deficit

  • the degree to which soil moisture falls below field capacity

  • in temperate areas this is high in summer due to low levels of precipitation and high levels of evapotranspiration

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soil moisture recharge

  • occurs when precipitation exceeds potential evapotranspiration

  • there is some refilling of water in dried-up pores of the soil

  • happens in autumn in temperate regions

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soil moisture surplus

  • the period when soil is saturated and water cannot enter

  • so it flows over the surface

  • precipitation exceeds evaporation

7
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soil moisture utilisation

  • process by which water us drawn to the surface through capillary action

  • this will occur when evaporation exceeds precipitation

  • so water gets used up