Psych 100 Learning and Memory

Learning

Lasting change caused by experience.

Type of learning

non associative and associative learning.

Habituation

weakening response to stimulus after repeated presentations.

Dishabituation

there is a recovery of attention to a novel stimulus following habituation.

Sensitization

a strong stimulus results in exaggerated responses to subsequent presentation of weaker stimuli.

Types of associative learning

classical and operant conditioning.

Types of reinforcement

negative and positive reinforcement.

Types of punishment

positive and negative punishment.

Memory

Memory is recalling past events and past learning by means of encoding, storage, and retrieval.

Process of memory

Encoding, storage, and retrieval.

Two theories of memory

Information- processing model (three processes one at a time)

Parallel distributed processing model (three processes happen at once).

sensory memories include

iconic and echoic memory.

Working memory

holds info for 30 seconds capacity of 5-9 things.

Long term memory

stores information forever capacity infinite.

Automatic processing

without much conscious awareness.

Effortful processing

requires careful attention and conscious effort.

Types of long term memories

explicit and implicit memory.

Types of explicit memories

semantic and episodic.

Types of implicit memories

procedural memory, classically conditioned memory and priming.

Forgetting

The inability to recall information that was previously encoded into memory. May be due to failure of attention or lack of retrieval cues.

Three reasons for forgetting

Decay theory, interference theory and motivated forgetting.