chloroplasts and vacuoles 2.1.1

how do plant cells differ to animal cells?

they are rigid structures

why can substances path through a plant cell wall?

because they are permeable

what does the plant cell wall protect the contents of the cell from?

from invading pathogens

what is the plant cell wall made out of?

the polysaccharide cellulose

what are vacuoles?

membrane lines sacs in the cytoplasm containing cell sap

what is the membrane of the vacuoles in a plant cell called?

the tonoplast

what type of permeability is the tonoplast meaning what?

it is selectively permeable meaning some small molecules can pass through but others cant

what are chloroplasts responsible for?

photosynthesis in plant cells

where in the plant are chloroplasts often found?

in the green parts like the leaves and stem

feature of chloroplasts?

• double membrane

what is the fluid enclosed in the chloroplasts called?

the stroma

what do the internal network of membranes of chloroplasts form? what are they called?

they form flattend sacs called thylakoids

what are several thylakoids stacked together called?

granum

what are the mebranes grana are joined by called?

lamellae

what pigments to the grana contain? what happens there?

chlorophyll pigments where light dependent reactions occur during photosynthesis?

what is starch produced by photosynthesis present as?

starch grains

why are chloroplasts able to make their own proteins?

as they contain dna and ribosomes