APUSH period 3 test yay!!

yawp chapters 5-7 hamilton era maybe watch to study?

period times and meanings

1754- french and indian war

1800-ish- revolution of 1800 (beginning of Thomas Jefferson’s presidency)

French and Indian war

not actually between france and the indians, but between the british and the New France colonies

allied with different Native american tribes: british with iriquois, french with huron

lasted from 1754-1763

aka seven years’ war (lets learn how to count guys)

french and indian war region

ohio river valley, past appalachian mts (important later)

Albany plan of union

created by Ben Franklin, first call to unite colonies together

boohoo completely failed, no inter-colonial union YET

result of french and indian war

The british win and get all of the land in North America that used to be French, including Canada.

1st treaty of paris

1763

made to finish conflict in ohio river valley (french and indian war)

ended up doubling british nat’l debt cuz of war

1763 british no nos

brits ended salutary neglect to get more control over the colonies to GET MORE MONEY

writs of assistance- allowed british to inspect colonists without warrants (im assuming this has to do with smuggling/black market?)

Admiralty courts- courts disbanded in colonies, all criminals had to be brought over to british courts

Virtual representation- more like VIRTUALLY NONE iykwim (colony reps can watch parliament proceedings, but have no say in anything)

Pontiac’s rebellion

same area as french and indian war

uprising of several native american tribes against british right after war, led to the Proclamation of 1763

drew Proclamation line along appalachians, brits said colonists couldnt move past unless they wanted to get killed

also the brits covered blankets in smallpox and gave them to the Native Americans to squash them. Not cool, Brits.

importance of 1763-1776

1763- proclamation line, treaty of paris

1776- declaration of independence

called “a train of abuses and usurpations” by someone i think 

sugar act

1764

1st direct tax on colonies, on guess what. sugar

currency act

1764

controls currency, specifically paper money between britain and the colonies

hints of northern opposition now

What is non-importation?

the boycotting of certain british goods to oppose the taxes that were being placed on them (NOT using IMPORTED goods)

full significance later probably

Quartering act

1765

colonies have to pay for british barracks, food, clothes POST F&I war

Stamp Act 

1765

taxing on lots o paper goods

pissed of the powerful ppl (lawyers, journalists, the people in the press)

led to increase in andti-british propaganda

repealed in 1766

Lead up to major events theory

preconditions—> 50-100 yrs b4, possibility

precipitants—> probability

trigger—> certainty

EVENT

MAGPIES (just so we rly know)

Migration and settlement

America in the world

Geography and the environment

Politics and power

Identity, american and national

Exchange, work and tech

Society and culture

Sons and daughters of liberty

more organized protests after stamp act

sons of liberty: brute intimidation, skirmishes with british

daughters of liberty: making goods from scratch to help with boycotting

massachussetts assembly

they did literally nothing, they just ranted abt how much the british sucked ass

declaratory act

1766 (= as repeal to stamp act)

King george: i can say whatever I want and you have to do it

took away pretty much any rights remaining from colonists

Townshend acts

1767

taxes on glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea

increase in non importation (boycotting)

Pennsylvania farmer letter thing

Massachusetts Circular letter

1768

Sam Adams

protesting Townshend acts, first to truly resist british rule

many other colonies copied

result of mass. circular letter

british takes away all rights of massachusettsans

dissolves mass. assembly

quarter soldiers in Boston

Similar thing in VA, with Virginia Resolutions, and the subsequent dissolvement of the House of Burgesses

townshend acts cut back!!

all EXCEPT tea

1770

no more non importation!

whats this?

Its the boston massacre! (1770)

worlds deadliest snowball fight

super exaggerated by press and propaganda, colonists bullied british soldier, oops he had a gun and some friends

soldiers wounded 6, killed 5

Committees of correspondence

secret communication between colonies about issues pre revolution

Tea act

1773

lowered taxes on tea

Boston tea party! they just rly didnt want that tea, did it to turn the ships around

Intolerable/coercive acts

1774 (getting close!!)

• Boston port bill: closes boston harbor

• Massachusetts Government Act: dissolves massachusetts charter

• New Quartering Act: required to quarter british troops in ur own home

• administration of justice act: ppl had to be tried in court in britain

theory vs. reality of intolerable acts

theory: punishment for boston massacre and tea party, parent disciplining child

reality: Just unified the colonies against Britain. Created 1st continental congress in Sep 1774 in Pennsylvania

Trigger for American revolution

New England restraining act (1775)

basically isolated new eng, makes it so no one can interact w them. literally put in time out

obv resistance from new england

Lexington and concord

apr. 19, 1775

new englanders (and others) have gathered supplies in bunkers for war. The brits find them and try to raid the bunkers

first battle of revolutionary war

americans won!!

2nd continental congress

1775

george wash is commander in chief

wrote olive branch petition

peace treaty w native so they didn’t have to fight two wars at once

creates a navy

searches for foreign aid

olive branch petition

letter to king george asking for better treatment, basically an ultimatum for war (we know how that ends)

Declaration of independence

1776

big bad breakup letter

officially begins war

battle of saratoga

1777

big win for the patriots!

big turning point cuz they actually won this one

boosted morale, increased hope for independence

revolutionary war how did enslaved ppl feel?

british tried promising them freedom if they fought for them

just solidified white southern mad

obviously didnt get freed

slavery left largely unchanged after war

battle of yorktown

1781

the british freaking surrender!

last major battle

2nd treaty of paris

1783

ends revolutionary war, US is officially an independent nation

republican motherhood

its women’s roles to raise virtuous, educated sons (rich and white)

put emphasis on women’s education

“remember the ladies”

by abigail adams, wife of john adams

men are naturally tyrannical, women should be treated as equals to men

Anatomy of a revolution

book by crane brinton

series of class pyramids that change with revolutions

all revolutions happen when the 2’s resent the 1’s. The 2s and 3s band together and overthrow the 1s. The 2s become the new 3s.

Articles of Confederation goals

exact antithesis of the british government

just reactionary and not forward thinking

examples:

• they had taxes without representation, so they abolished taxes altogether

• there was absolute power, focused in the central government, so the Articles had no central government, and they didn’t have to abide by federal law

• the king could change the rules at any time, so all 13 states had to agree to make any change to their constitution

shays’ rebellion

1786 Massachusetts

Shays and other soldiers had to return to their farms after the revolution, and were promised money for their service. Instead, since the gov was broke, they didn’t get paid and their farms defaulted. They got mad and revolted.

Freaked ppl out that were in power, called for constitutional convention

how often does Jeff think revolutions should be happening?

20 years or every generation

Constitutional Convention parties

Federalists- Founded by George Wash, believed in collective government, centralized and enforced by ppl

Jeffersonian republicans/ democratic republicans: NO central government, power to individual states and people, valued the common man

Constitutional convention!!

1787

created the constitution

fully signed by 1789

20 years rule- international slave trade ended after 20 years of the nation being a thing (for monetary purposes)

supermajority (2/3) vote to ratify constitution

established uniform currency

established checks and balances

The great compromise

Combination of the Virginia and New Jersey plan. 

Virginia- we should represent by population!!

New Jersey- We should represent by state!!

compromise- bicameral legislature with house by population and senate by state

checks and balances SCOTUS cases early country

marbury v. madison- judicial review, weird drama w jeff

mcculloch v. maryland- should we have a national bank? elastic clause

gibbons v. ogden- idfk honestly it prob doesnt even matter

i think we know the 3/5 compromise

yeah enslaved ppl arent a full person just 3/5

1789 holy trinity

George wash- president

hamilton- secretary of treasury

jeff- secretary of state

bill of rights

1789

democratic-republican

made by madison

1st ten amendments

madison is besties with Jefferson

storming of the bastille

start of french revolution

1789

copy cat of the american revolution

Federalist views

led by hamilton

pro-debt, argues that it creates vested interest in the success of the US

mistrustful of the poor, the elite should be more in ctrl (ham was poor)

centralized government

looser interpretation of the constitution, living document

economy and manufacturing

not hella into the french

Democratic-republican views

led by Jeff

mistrustful of the elite, easily corrupted by greed and money I think?? (jeff was rich)

pwr to the people!

extremely anti national bank

the whole financial plan really sucked tbh (TO THEM)

strict adherence to the constitution

LOVE the french

common man/common farmer

federalist financial plan

report on public credit

report on manufactures (industry is the future, not wrong)

excise tax on whiskey, put on manufacturers, but raised the prices for consumers too (1791)

• whiskey rebellion of 1794

National bank believers, tried to establish (see: mcculloch v maryland)

Tariffs on imported goods 

Proclamation of Neutrality

cmon guys lets not involve ourselves in wars that dont involve us- George wash

actually held true until WWII

Citizen Genet

french ambassador to America

tried to go past the proc of neutrality to recruit the common ppl to the french revolution

didnt rly want much to do with the pres—pretty bad ambassador

kind of kidnapped some ppl to join his navy? yeah not great

gets in big legal trouble (gee wonder why) and ham gets him pardoned

Jay’s treaty

1794

with britain, deemed most favorable nation to united states

EVERYONE HATES IT

tried to solve impressment with it, not rly effective (impressment = stealing ppl to get them to join ur navy genuinely what were these ppl doing)

now everyone HATES JOHN JAY

Pickney’s treaty

1795

with spain, they got the mississippi delta to the gulf of mexico yay!!

EVERYONE LOVES IT

gr8 for trade

George washington’s warnings in farewell address

• no partisan fighting, actually ideally no parties

• no sectionalism (lets not be all cliquey, interact w states other than the ones neighboring u)

• no foreign entanglements; economic links, not political links

• respect the constitution!

also set 2-term precedent

Addams Administration

1797-1801

TERRIBLE very few presidents serve for only one term

broke all 4 warnings

quasi-war with france we love!!! (1798-1800)

• trying to get back the ppl that france kidnapped for their navy

• xyz affair- anonymous diplomats make agreements

Jeff is a very unhappy VP

its getting pretty hot in here guys (lots of sectionalism and partisanship)

definitely entangled politically with other countries

alien acts

within constitution

1798

discuss how ppl become citizens, set grounds for naturalization

makes it much harder to become a US citizen

alien enemies act: attempt to get the french tfo

sedition acts

deffff unconstitutional

also 1798

outlaws the false publication of ppl shit talking the pres

made to end at the end of the adams presidency so he can shit talk his enemies

100 percent against the 1st amendment

marb and madison fix this issue with judicial review

Northwest ordinance

1784

how to add more states and deal with the territory in the ohio river valley

blueprint for westward expansion

virginia and kentucky resolutions

1798

kentucky more extreme, by jeff

virginia less extreme, by Madison

basically said that the states are between the ppl and the government

compact theory- pwr of the gov is derived from individual, sovereign states, not ppl (opp of contract theory)

nullification- it is the states’ duty to ignore laws deemed unconstitutional

treaty of greenville

1795

peace treaty with native americans

u get your land back, but you have to give us a crap ton of stuff and thats fair