GenSoc - Mod 14-17

Media representation

how the media presents or frames “aspects of society, such as gender, age, or ethnicity”

Media stereotypes

are simplified representations of a person, groups of people or a place, through basic or obvious characteristics-which are often exaggerated

The UNICEF (2011)

who report on adolescence show that while there is already an increase in access to education for all genders, there remains to be many girls and women who are unable to go to school?

2013 Functional Literacy, Education, and Mass Media Survey (FLEMMS)

This study showed that there are more males (4.6 in a 1000) children aged 6 to 14 who are able to attend school compared to females (2.4 in a 1000).

Cluster approach in health

primary clusters: (a) public health, (b) water sanitation and hygiene, (c) nutrition, and (d) mental health and psychosocial support.

Mental Health

One of the most prevalent issues facing adolescents nowadays

Gender equality

Is not properly implemented in the labor market as women still are treated with disfavor and discrimination

Republic Act No. 9710

the Magna Carta of Women

The Magna Carta of Women

This act recognizes that equality of men and women entails the abolition of the unequal structures and practices that perpetuate discrimination and inequality

Philippine Commission on Women (PCW)

indicates that the Magna Carta of Women will level the playing field by making productive resources and economic opportunities equally available for both men and women

Primary labor markets

consist of work in large corporations, industries or governments agencies

Secondary labor markets

include forms of employment, which are unstable, where job security and wages are low and there are fewer opportunities for promotion. Gender inequality shows differences in promotion, authority, and earnings.

Women farmers

do not have an equal opportunity to acquire land or register it in their own names.

Land ownership

is important not only to women’s ability to earn income, but also a source of employment and autonomy within the household.

64%

The number of women working in economic zones is estimated to represent ____ of total employment and may be much higher in some industries, such as electronics and apparel

Pregnant and after birth of their baby

Reports suggest that working and living conditions are poor, that women find it difficult to obtain work while

Tourism Industry

Within this industry, relatively few women have the educational qualifications or foreign language skills to compete for front-of-house positions in the hotel industry, as tour guides, or in travel agencies, and women are more likely to be employed as housekeepers, waitresses, or similar low-level positions.

Business Process Outsourcing

is not gender-responsive and does not address women’s constraints in accessing higher-paid work in non-voice services or the likely growth in information technology and engineering.

Public sector employment

is an important source of jobs with better pay and conditions for women than many other industrial sectors, but women are constrained by being predominately employed in traditional

Women entrepreneurs

are more likely than men to be motivated by necessity; these are livelihood-oriented entrepreneurs attempting to escape unemployment

The Magna Carta of Women

an overall legislative framework that articulates the specific rights, needs, and support required by women in their general and working lives

Sexual harassment

includes unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical harassment of a sexual nature in the workplace or learning environment.

Harassment and sexual harassment

are recognized as a form of discrimination on the grounds of sex and, thus, are contrary to the principle of equal treatment between men and women

Sexual harassment

is all about power, control, and domination

International Labor Organization

defined sexual harassment as a sex-based behavior that is unwelcomed and offensive to the recipient

Natural/Biology Theory

According to this model, men have stronger sex drives, and are therefore, biologically motivated to engage in sexual pursuit of women

Natural/Biology Theory

it acknowledges the innate human instincts potentially driving sexual aggressive behavior

Sex Role Spillover Theory

This theory is based on the proposition of irrelevant gender-based role expectations that individuals bring to the workplace in guiding their interactions with women

Organizational Theory

Proponents of this theory propose that one the central concepts that helps to explain sexual harassment is power

Organizational Theory

This theory proposes that sexual harassment results from the opportunities presented by power and authority relations which derive from hierarchical structures of organizations

Socio-cultural Theory

this theory examines the wider social and political context in which sexual harassment is created and occurs

Socio-cultural Theory

This theory asserts that women’s lesser status in the larger society is reflected at the workplace structures and culture - thus, male dominance continues to be the rule.

Feminist Theory

according to this theory, sexual harassment is linked to the sexist male ideology of male dominance and male superiority in the society

Barriers to reporting sexual harassment

repercussions to disclosure, perpetrator known to victim, myths and misconceptions, experiences minimized/ignored

Repercussions to disclosing sexual harassment

Often, victims do not disclose sexual violence because they are embarrassed or do not want anyone to know

The perpetrator is usually known to the victim.

Acquaintances, friends, co-workers or colleagues are more likely to use tricks, verbal pressure, threats, negative consequences, or victim-blaming rhetoric

Myths and misconceptions about sexual violence

It include the myth that innocent men are commonly accused of sexual violence, and women lie about it to get revenge.

Minimize or ignore their experiences

women tend to be more vulnerable to it because they often hold lower-paying, lower-authority and lower-status jobs compared to men

The Universal Policy

Article 2(I), 3, and 26 of the Convention provide for the respect, equality, and non-discrimination of all individuals on the grounds of, inter alia, race, color, and sex

National and Local Policies

LGUs from different cities all over the Philippines have been proactive in passing and filing city ordinances banning LGBT discrimination.

LGBT youth

are often targeted by parents who, upon discovering their child’s sexual orientation and/or gender identity, feel compelled to inflict physical harm on them out of frustration or in an attempt to prevent their child from expressing their sexuality

The Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) and Episcopal Commission on Family and Life (EFCL)

has been fervently demanding Congress for the removal of “sex, gender, sexual orientation, and gender identity” claiming that its inclusion will only “create problems regarding ethics, marriage, the family and religious freedom” and reasons that “the difference in sex or gender does not belong to the same level as the difference in race, color, religion, or ethnicity”.

Article 25 of the Convention

provides for the right of each citizen to participate in public affairs, to vote, and to have equal access to public service in the country.

Comprehensive gender curriculum

seeks to investigate prejudicial, discriminatory and unjust practices against LGBT students in schools

DepEd Child Protection Policy

guarantees the protection of children in schools from any form of violence, abuse, and exploitation

Homophobia

very present within Filipino society creating a dangerous hostility towards LGBT people

Biologically

reveals that men do not happen to always occupy a dominant position over women in society

Patino of Kabataan Party-list

the one who files the House Resolution which seeks to investigate prejudicial, discriminatory, and unjust practices and policies against LGBT students

Laws

provides for equity among people of all genders here and in other countries

Media stereotypes

relates to and must be considered within other categories to b appropriately addressed such as gender, age

Television

According to PSA, what remains to be the best most needed source of information in our country

AIDS pandemic 1970

it is in this stage where homosexuality added to the negative stereotyping of the gay male as a sexual deviant