art- landscape and the environment

post lintel construction

organized form; building technique where horizontal beams are supported by vertical columns, post=vertical, lintel=horizontal piece on top

century/name, artist, name, name of construction, what did he create, where at and what big city is close, what two principles, what made principle 1 match (6)- stone, horizontal shelves, waterfall, verticals, windows, work around nature, color allows what, principle 2 (7), great room, cantilever reflects what on the outside, furniture did what, stone floor, table, fireplace, building materials, colors

earthworks/site specific art- 20th Century, Frank Lloyd Wright, Falling Water (Kaufman house), cantilever construction, domestic and public structures, Bear run, PN right outside Pittsburg, relied heavily on 2 principles, 1. he believed that a house should blend with it’s environment, 2. what you experience on the outside you should experience on the inside (continuity), 1A how does he make the house blend with it’s environment- matching indigenous stone (collected from the area), horizontal natural rock shelves under the area emphasized through horizontal balconies and overhangs (some longer/shorter), builds house directly under the waterfall so that it is integrated into the design, verticals parallel the trees (variety found in nature), windows help you engage with the nature outside, tried to work around nature, color allows blending, 2A, great room/fam room, very open, nature is expansive like this room, cantilever is in the stone as well (reflects horizontals of the outward rock balconies), furniture is all cantilevered, stone floor with boulders bulging out, section of a log as a table, massive fire place(natural heat and cooking), stone and wood (predominant building materials), all colors of furniture that weren’t neutral match the tree colors

cantilever construction

first to put this into a home to create levels and overhangs, reinforced concrete

17th century/dutch republic

background/nature was not important up to this point, but now used as the main event; dutch very unique- fought against an oppressive king (of Spain) persecuted those who did not want to be catholic, enjoyed a lot of freedoms (after Martin Luther) and merchants lived in the land (so they enjoyed more landscapes

century/name, artist, name, who lived here, what does this city look like now?, what was this city known for (3), 2 structures emphasize in the back are what, what does the second structure house (what did he do and what was his name)

17th century, Jan Vermeer, View of Delft, artists lived here, looks similar now to what it looked like in the 17th century, heavily involved in shipbuilding and trade- dutch east India company, big producer of beer, Delft wear (ceramic company) blue and white, 2 structures are emphasized (protestant churches), Old Church not illuminated and the newer one illuminated- houses the tomb of one of the great heroes of the dutch republic - the man who led the dutch in the revolt of the dutch against Spain- William the Silent

century, artist, name, subcategory of what, where is he from, what is the name of this type of landscape called and what does it focus on, what elements of nature are shown here, dead tree shows what and pushes you where, living tree is what for the people, the boulders show what, why do the people have their backs to us, the rocky path shows what, the experience of nature helps show us what, nature is a vehicle for understanding who, what shows this, these brush strokes are what and this painter uses contrasts of what

19th century/ Romanticism, Caspar David Freidrich, Two Figures Contemplating the Moon, subcategory of Romanticism- Landscape romanticism, German artist, sublime- the moon, the moon changes, impacts the tides, reflects the sun, massive tree- dead but has moss (is being used in a different way), we are drawn to the cycles of nature, dead branches push your attention to the living tree (drawing reference to death and life) but also forming a nice protective canopy for the two viewers, massive boulders help us to think about the movement of the earth and glaciers etc, the people have their back to the viewer to kind of invite us in, the rocky path extends beyond the picture plane again to invite us, experience in nature helped us to better understand God- the wonders and complexity bring your closer to God, nature as a vehicle for understanding the divine, blasted trees, uneven ripping of another tree, uses contrasts of dark and light, tighter brush strokes

romanticism

emphasize emotion and emotional responses, subjective (some sort of personal connection with their subject), uses dramatic lighting (contrasts of dark and light)

impasto

using thick, heavy brush strokes to emphasize subjects

century/name, artist, name, scale to emphasize what, where is this, what did the artist do and what did that emphasize, where do these landmarks happen, what are the stats of this one, comparing the two sides- right side is what color compared to the left, the right is size-wise what from the left, on the right the presence of what is shown by these (3) things, left side shows no presence of what, shows what natural occurrence and what did another occurrence do to that side, the one tree shows what and points us to what, this points to what cycle, Cole is a what and so he shows nature being what, he was scared of what expanding, where is Cole?

19th century/ romanticism, Thomas Cole, The Oxbow, large scale- emphasize the importance of the land and it’s wonder and beauty, American- Hudson River Valley (upstate New York, Vermont, Maine) he went hiking to take in it’s uniqueness and wonders (personal connection), this wonderful land should be protected because of its beauty, oxbow’s only happen in ancient rivers (river turns back upon itself), this is one of the largest in the US- travels through multiple states, two distinct landscapes here, the right side of the oxbow is dull greens and yellows, doesn’t look as alive as the left side (drab and dying), size of the right side is larger than the left side, presence of humans on the right side-clearcut forest, smokestacks, people in a boat, on the left side is shows no sign of humans acting upon it, sublime in nature- flash of lightning, big storm, the impact of previous storms- one damaged tree that holds up a dead tree, but again is filled with life, death and life cycle shown here again, Cole wants to show acts of preservation /conservation and was scared that with the westward expansion, Cole is here he is sketching by the umbrella- shows us how he cares about conservation

century/movement, he was the first what, artist, name, what did he have? who was he and where was his work done, what was he before an artist, had a connection with what and what did he show it as, his painting was part of what and where, he was inspired by what, similar to what other artists, was a what piece, the geometry shows but what does the brushstrokes show?, 2 meanings- emotional and personal-explain, what about the brown, the hills, the stars, the swirls, church?

19th century Post-Impressionist; First expressionist Artist- Vincent Van Gough, Starry Night, had lots of emotional baggage, dutch artist but work was done in France, was a missionary w/ extreme ideas, had a connection w/ nature, shows nature as full of life, after his car accident, his painting was part of the treatment in the town of St. Remy, was inspired by the view outside his hotel window, similar to dutch pieces with a big sky, this piece was monumental, the geometric buildings are static, but the brushstroke provide movement and thick impasto on the moon to show intensity of light, both an emotional and personal meaning because he struggled with mental health and the wavy sky showed his emotional turmoil but also the moon showed his search for peace, the brown this is a cypress tree, the hills in the back look like waves and the stars are dots, but illuminates out, the swirly for in the sky is his interpretation of wind, there is a church with a steeple to show his religion

century/movement, name, artist, shows what, the crows=, dark heavy sky=, different paths=, harsh wheat=, all of these are representative of what and what happened to him

19th century Post-impressionist; Wheatfield with Crows, Vincent Van Gough, sadness and extreme loneliness, crows; shows death, darkness, and murder, dark heavy sky; shows abandonment, different paths/crossroads; shows uncertainty, harsh wheat; shows anger, all of these are representative of Van Gough’s current emotions, committed suicide because of his emotional turmoil

century/movement, name, artist, where is this, what did this time feel like, what are the elements called, how were the elements painted, what do they suggest but what, the landscape is what, no life but what, the thing with the distorted face is what, and how can we tell, this image depicts the death of what, the melting clocks show what, the ants and flies are to show what, what does this show (2)

20th century Surrealism (what happens in the mind), The Persistence of Memory by Dall, world of dreams, dreams felt very real at the time, lots of illogical elements, precision in every aspect, suggest slight reality, appearances are deceptive, barren and brown landscape, no life but water, the white thing is a distorted face- there is an eye, eyelash, and eyebrow, it depicts the death of the white thing, melting clocks- passing of time and death, the ants are a food source for the flies on the table that are alive- shows he is attracted to dead things, fall from the tree and the cycle of nature