Imperial image

why was Octavian being related to Jc a good thing?

made Octavian look good as JC was being called a god and he was popular with the plebs all of which made Octavian popular

what important things of JC did Octavian get when he died?

his loyal soldiers and veteran soldiers

why did Octavians parents not what him to take the money ?

Jc had just been assassinated and if Octavian follows in his footsteps he could end up in the same position

how where Octavian and JC related?

Octavian became Jc adopted son but Jc was biologically his great uncle

Did romans see any difference between adopted and biological children?

no

In what year and how old was Octavian when he joined the political scene?

44bc and 18 years old

what of JCs things did Octavian claim to be heir of?

Money , land and his political power

how did he win over the plebs using JC will?

Gave them each 75 denarii which JC had promised them in his will had to borrow money but did make him very popular

what did he hold in honour of JC?

Funeral Games

what happened during JC funeral games ?

A comet passed over which Octavian claimed to be JC going to be a god which gives him even more direct divine ancestors. Plebs believed this senate did not

what did Mark Antony believe?

he believed he was JC natural political successor due to being his lieutenant and more experienced then Octavian

how did Mark Antony threaten Octavian?

Threatened legitimacy and power

what did mark Antony do a JC funeral?

made a powerful speech blaming assassins and turning people against them which lead to assassins to flee and mark Antony to gain popularity

who did the senate choose as JC heir?

Octavian as they thought he would be easy to control they let Octavian go to war against mark Antony which he won and the 2 consuls who had been in charge died leaving O in charge of senates army

how did O become a senator?

he turned senate army against them and demanded consulship with no army to defend themselves they rigged the election to make O a consul at 18 even though you are suppose to be 30

What date did Octavian become consul?

august 43bc

what name did Octavian use after JC died

Julius Caesar after him

who was in the first triumvirate?

JC, Pompey and Crassus

Was the 1st triumvirate formal?

no

what happened to Crassus?

went to war with parthians , got defeated and killed and lost the military standards

what happened to Pompey?

he was defeated by JC in battle of pharsauls in 48bc, he fled to Egypt but was caught and beheaded by local leaders

who was in the 2nd triumvirate?

Octavian, mark Antony and Lepidus

Was the 2nd triumvirate formal?

yes it was legal for a 5 year period

what did the 2nd triumvirate do ?

Power set out with proscriptions, naming individual senators as public enemies, allowing the triumvirate to remove political opponents and fill there pockets with confiscated goods/funds

how many people is it predicted the 2nd triumvirate remove and what image did it give Octavian?

Predicted 100-300/400 removed, Octavian appeared power hungry and ruthless

What did Octavian refer to himself as ?

Divi filius (son of a god)

where did he put his new title and why was it powerful?

Put on coins and gave him divine authority few mortals could rival

Why did Octavian have to avenge JC?

due to mos Malorum- which is importance of following the traditions of ancestors so important that he avenges him to forefill his duty

What did they do in 42bc to avenge JC?

Launched military campaign against assassins who were lead by Brutus and Cassius

who won the military campaign launched to avenge Caesar?

O and MA won at battle of Philippi in 42bc forcing Brutus and Cassius to commit suicide

What did Octavian promise to do after victory at Philippi?

dedicate a temple to mars ultor in thanks

when did he fulfill his promise to build a temple?

in 2 bc

what did the victory mean for the second triumvirate?

they were the most powerful men in Rome

what where the agreements in the treaty of brundisium?

Octavian gets the west including Italy

Antony gets east including Greece and Egypt

Lepidus gets the north including coast of Africa

Who was sextus pompeius?

son of pompey the great

Where did Sextus Pompeius control?

controlled the western med and Sicily

what gave Sextus Pompeius power?

he had fleets which where largely manned by slaves but did give him lots of power

what did Octavian do to the slaves?

he caught and crucified 6000 slaves and then handed the rest back to there owners

Who did Sextus want to live up to?

His father and take revenge and personal power

What did the senate think about sextus?

Thought he could be the next hero- eminent republicans helped him

What ships did SExtus stop from reaching Rome and what did this lead to?

Grain filled ships which lead to a famine

who did Octavian work with to plan a navel campaign ?

agrippa

what title did Octavian add to his name in 38bc

imperator

in what year did Agrippa gather and train an army to take sextus on with?

july 36bc

What caused the triumvirate to fall apart?

having taken power for themselves and got rid of other threats they turned on one another

What did Octavian do in 36 bc to take down Lepidus ?

bribed Lepidus’ army to turn on him

What did Lepidus exile mean for Octavian and Antony?

they were in charge of politics