Cognition, Perception, and Personality: Humanism, Field Dependence, and Kelly's Personal Construct Theory

What is cognition?

Cognition refers to awareness, thinking, perceiving, attending to, interpreting, remembering, and believing.

What does personalizing in perception mean?

Personalizing involves relating what we perceive to ourselves.

What is objectifying in perception?

Objectifying means perceiving things without a personal context.

What is field dependence in personality?

Field dependence is the reliance on the environment or others as a reference point for perception.

What is field independence in personality?

Field independence is the reliance on oneself rather than the environment for perception.

How do field-dependent individuals typically behave?

Field-dependent individuals are sociable, interested in others' opinions, and perform well in social sciences and education.

How do field-independent individuals typically behave?

Field-independent individuals are analytical, prefer solitary activities, and gravitate towards natural sciences, math, and engineering.

What is the Original Rod and Frame Test (RFT)?

The RFT is a psychological test used to assess field dependence and independence.

What is the Embedded Figures Test (EFT)?

The EFT is a psychological test that measures an individual's ability to identify simple shapes embedded within complex figures, indicating field dependence or independence.

What are some characteristics of field-independent children?

Field-independent children tend to prefer less social play, may be inconsiderate or demanding, and describe themselves as independent.

What are some characteristics of field-dependent children?

Field-dependent children prefer socially oriented play, are warm and tactful, and excel in team sports.

How do field-independent individuals perform in chaotic environments?

Field-independent individuals are better at focusing on important details and decoding facial expressions in distracting environments.

What is Kelly's Personal Construct Theory?

Kelly's theory suggests that individuals use constructs to interpret events and that a primary motivation is to find meaning in life circumstances.

What is a personal construct?

A personal construct is a mental framework that individuals use to interpret the world around them.

How do field-dependent individuals approach conflict resolution?

Field-dependent individuals tend to use self-judgment and intuition rather than relying on external facts.

What is the relationship between field dependence and social skills?

Field-dependent individuals generally have stronger social skills compared to field-independent individuals.

What is a key difference in learning effectiveness between field-independent and field-dependent students?

Field-independent students tend to learn more effectively in hypermedia-based classrooms, while field-dependent students may excel in social interactions.

What is the significance of field independence in police work?

Field-independent police officers are better at focusing on details and recalling events in distracting environments.

How do field-dependent individuals typically describe their social interactions?

Field-dependent individuals describe themselves as warm, agreeable, and effective in conflict resolution.

What type of careers do field-independent individuals often pursue?

Field-independent individuals often pursue careers in fields that do not require strong interpersonal relationships, such as solitary sports or analytical roles.

What is the impact of field dependence on children's play preferences?

Field-dependent children prefer socially oriented play options, such as playhouse or school activities.