Ethnicity

How do Lawson and Garrod define ethic groups?

People who share common history, customs and identity including language and religion. 

What are external factors that affect differences in acheivement?

• Cultural deprivation

• Material deprivation

• Racism in wider society

What is cultural deprivation?

Suggests that children underachieve as a result of inadequate socialisation. Haven’t been taught to place importance on education

What do Bereiter and Engelmann say?

The language spoken by low income black families are inadequate and refer to it as ungrammatical, disjointed and incapable of expressing abstract ideas.

AO3 (-ive for cultural deprivation) - What did Gilborn and Mirza argue?

Indian pupils who do not speak English as their first language do very well despite this

What did Moynihan say?

Bc many balck families are headed by lone mothers, the child is often deprived of adequate care as she has to struggle financially

Young black boys lack an adequate male role model so are not socialised adequatley & not taught to value education

What did New Right Thinker Charles Murray say?

High rates of lone parents & a lack of positive male role models lead to underachievement among young black boys