Chart of Urinary Sediment Crystals and Cells

What type of crystals are found in normal urine at any pH?

Calcium Oxalate Crystals.

What are the characteristics of Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate Crystals?

Colorless, vary in size, observed under Brightfield at 40x.

What are the characteristics of Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Crystals?

Colorless, vary in size, observed under Brightfield at 40x.

What forms can Uric Acid Crystals take?

Flat diamond, rhombic, rosette, and barrel forms.

What is the appearance of Uric Acid Crystals under Brightfield microscopy?

Color varies with thickness and they are birefringent.

What type of crystals are associated with alkaline pH in urine?

Triple Phosphate Crystals.

What is the structure of Triple Phosphate Crystals?

3 to 6 sided prisms, can be very large, colorless.

What are the characteristics of Amorphous Urate Crystals?

Granular appearance, colorless to yellow-brown, observed under Brightfield at 40x.

What are the characteristics of Cholesterol Crystals?

Notched corners, found in acid pH, observed under Brightfield at 40x.

What do Leucine Crystals look like?

Spheres with concentric circles or striae, yellow to colorless, observed under Brightfield at 40x.

What is the appearance of Bilirubin Crystals?

Fine needles in clusters, dark yellow-brown, observed under Brightfield at 40x.

What are the characteristics of Cystine Crystals?

Hexagonal plates, yellow to colorless, observed under Brightfield at 40x.

What type of crystals are Iatrogenic Crystals?

Radiographic contrast media, Ampicillin crystals, and Sulfa crystals.

What is the appearance of Red Blood Cells (RBCs) in urine?

Smooth, biconcave discs, 7mm diameter, observed under Brightfield at 40x.

What are the characteristics of White Blood Cells (WBCs) in urine?

Granulated, multi-lobed nuclei, 12mm diameter, observed under Brightfield at 40x.

What are the characteristics of Bacteria in urine?

May be rods or cocci, present with WBCs in UTI, observed under Brightfield at 40x.

What do Budding Yeast look like under microscopy?

Small, oval, refractile, observed under Brightfield at 40x.

What are the characteristics of Trichomonas vaginalis?

Motile with 4 'flitting' flagella, varying shapes, observed under Brightfield at 40x.

What types of Epithelial Cells can be found in urine?

Squamous, Transitional, Renal tubular, Oval fat body.

What is the appearance of a Red Blood Cell Cast?

Whole RBC inclusions, colorless, observed under Brightfield at 10x.

What are the characteristics of a Hyaline Cast?

Homogenous matrix with round ends, colorless, observed under Brightfield at 10x.

What do Granular Casts look like?

Grainy inclusions, observed under Brightfield at 10x.

What types of artifacts can be found in urine sediment?

Fiber, air bubbles, starch crystals, glass fragments, cotton fibers.