Peptide bonds

Polymer, L-amino acids

A protein is a … of …

Covalent bond, carbonyl carbon, amino nitrogen, water

Two amino acid are joined by a … between the … of the first AA and the … of the second, … is lost in this process

Polypeptides

Two or more amino acids joined by peptide bonds are called

Peptides, proteins

Small polypeptides are referred to as … , long polypeptides as …

Amino terminal, left

Peptides are named beginning at the … , which is always on the …

Side chain

The R groups of amino acids that vary from one protein to the next

Back bone

The N-C-C-N-C-C-N repeating sequence within a peptide is called the

Residue

The amino acids side chain that remains after the peptide bond is called the

Amino/N terminal residue

The amino acid at the end of a peptide chain with a free amino group is called the

Carboxyl/C terminal residue

The amino acid at the end of a peptide chain with a free carboxyl group is called the

N-terminus

The nitrogen group specifically at the end of a peptide chain is called the

C-terminus

The carboxyl group specifically at the end of a peptide chain is called the

Planar, polar, trans

The 3 characteristics of a peptide bond:

Rotate

A peptide bond cannot … due to it being planar because of the oxygen withdraws the electron pair of nitrogen

negative, positive, dipole, polar

The carbonyl oxygen has a partial …, the amide nitrogen a partial …, creating a small … , therefore the peptide bond is …

Trans

Since the peptide bond between the carbon and nitrogen has a resonance structure with a DB between these two due to the electron withdrawing of oxygen, the DB takes the … configuration

Alpha carbons

Because the peptide bond is planar, rotation can only occur around the …

2, rotate

Only … angles along the protein backbone (per peptide) are free to …

Dihedral angles

The angles that are free to rotate within the residues (alpha carbon) backbone are called

Nitrogen and carbon, carbon and carbon, 180

The phi ɸ angle in the back bone is located between the … , the psi ψ angle is between … . Both of these angles are … degrees

Steric hindrance

Phi and psi are only able to take on few angles because of

Isoelectric point

The PH where the solute has no net electric charge and does not move in an electric field