9.4 notes

Vegetative propagation

Asexual reproduction from a plant cutting.

Pollination

The transfer of pollen grains from an anther to a stigma via polinator.

Fertilization

Fusion of a male gamete nuclei with a female gamete nuclei to form a zygote.

Zygote

The cell formed by the fusion of a male and female gamete.

Cross-pollination

Transferring pollen grains from one plant to the ovule of another plant.

Monoecious

Plants that contain only male or only female structures.

Dioecious

Plants that possess both male and female structures.

Petals

Brightly colored modified leaves that attract pollinators.

Phytochromes

Leaf pigments used by the plant to detect periods of light and darkness.

Short-day plants

Plants that flower when the days are short, requiring long nights.

Long-day plants

Plants that flower when the days are long, requiring short nights.

Seed dispersal

The process by which fertilized seeds move away from the parental plant.

Germination

The process by which a seed emerges from dormancy and begins to sprout.

Testa

The outer seed coat that protects the embryonic plant.

Cotyledon

The part of the seed that contains food stores for the seed.