POPS Exam 3

Energy

The ability to do work

Kinetic energy

The energy of motion

Kinetic

What type of energy is a ball rolling down hill

Kinetic

What type of energy is heat energy

Kinetic

What type of energy is light energy

Heat energy

Energy that is transferred between systems without doing work

Potential energy

The energy that matter possesses, but is not currently being used

Potential

What type of energy does a ball sitting at the top of the hill that hasn’t yet rolled down the hill possess

Chemical energy

Potential energy that is stored in molecules

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Considered the energy currency of the cell because it provides usable energy

Phosphorylation

Refers to adding a phosphate group (PO₄^3-) to a molecule

Adenosine diphosphate (adp)

Phosphorylation often refers specifically to synthesizing ATP by adding a phosphate group to _________ _ (_)

Energy, adenine, ribose, phosphate

Label the ingredients used to create ATP and adp as well as their excess

Aerobic cellular respiration

Plants can break down sugars to generate usable energy in the form of ATP through

Cristae, intermembrane space, matrix, inner membrane, outer membrane

Name the parts of the mitochondria

Cellular respiration

Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy is the reaction for

Pyruvate

When glucose is transported into the cytoplasm of cells, it is broken down into 2 molecules of ____

Glycolysis

The process of glucose being transported into the cytoplasm and being broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvate

Glucose, ATP, adp, fructose diphosphate, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, nad⁺, nadh, pyruvate

Name the steps in the process of glycolysis

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad⁺)

During glycolysis in addition to ATP, 2 molecules of ____________ _ _ (_) are reduced to form nadh

Pyruvic acid, coenzyme a, nad⁺, NADH, co₂, acetyl CoA, fad, fadh₂, adp, atp

Name the steps in the citric acid cycle

Electron transport chain

Our electron carriers power a series of proton pumps that move H⁺ ions from the mitochondrial matrix to the space between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes

Chemiosmosis

During this process an enzyme called ATP synthase allows the protons to flow back into the mitochondrial matrix, using the physical flow of the protons to turn adp into atp

Inner mitochondrial membrane, intermembrane space

Nadh and fadh₂ drop off their electrons at a protein complex within the _____ ___________ . This effectively “turns on” this protein complex, which pumps a H⁺ from the mitochondrial matrix to the _ _

Turgor

Pressure that develops within a living cell as a result of water entering the cell is called

Haploid

Is the gemmae stage haploid or diploid

Diploid

Is the seta lifestage haploid or diploid

Diploid

Is the sporophyte life stage haploid or diploid

Haploid

Is the archegoniophore life stage haploid or diploid

False

TorF Photosynthetic light-independent reactions can only take place in the absence of light

C4 plants

During the light-independent reactions, what plants produce oxaloacetic acid in mesophyll cells and phosphoglyceric acid(PGA) in the bundle sheaths