vitamins, minerals and dietary

exam 1

what is the order of safety classifications from most unsafe to safest

• insufficient evidence

• unsafe

• likely unsafe

• possible unsafe

• possibly safe

• likely safe

what is the order of safety classifications from most ineffective to the most effective

• insufficient

• ineffective

• likely ineffective

• possibly ineffective

• possibly effective

• likely effective

• effective

what is the only combination of effectiveness and safety that you recommend a medication

effective/likely effective and likely safe

what do you tell a patient if a vitamin is effective/likely effective and possibly safe

consider trialing the medication and monitor for safety

what do you tell a patient if a vitamin is unsafe of ANY kind (possibly, likely, or just unsafe)

discourage use

what do you tell a patient if a vitamin is possibly effective/ineffective and possibly safe

consider trial and monitor safety and effectiveness

what do you tell a patient if a vitamin is possibly effective/ineffective and likely safe

consider trial and monitor effectiveness

what do you tell a patient if a vitamin is likely ineffective and likely/possibly safe

discourage use, but if patient is adamant about trying it, consider trial and monitor.

what is the brand name for vitamin B1

thiamine

what is the name for vitamin B2

riboflavin

what is infantile beriberi

a condition seen in infants who are breastfed by women with a thiamine deficiency

what is adult beriberi

a condition where there is a thiamine deficiency; seen in adults who have had weight loss surgery

what is wernicke - korsakoff syndrome

two different conditions seen among patients with chronic alcohol use (wernicke encephalopathy and korsakoff syndrome)

what is a treatment for Wernicke - Korsakoff syndrome and how effective/safe is it

thiamine is likely safe and effective for thiamine deficiency

what is ariboflavinosis

a vitamin b2 deficiency caused by malabsorptive syndromes (celiac disease, anorexia, etc)

what is a treatment for ariboflavinosis and how effective/safe is it

riboflavin is likely safe and effective for the treatment of ariboflavinosis

what is the name for vitamin B3

niacin

what is pellagra

vitamin B3 deficiency caused by malabsorptive syndromes, and causes rough skin and diarrhea

how can niacin be used to treat dyslipidemia

only the prescription formulation should be used, and if a patient experiences flushing of the skin, they can take 81 mg asprin 30 minutes prior to taking niacin.

what is a treatment for pellagra and dyslipidemia and how effective/safe is it

niacin is likely safe and likely effective

whats it the name for vitamin B5

panthothenic acid

what is the name for vitamin B6

pyridoxine

when do we see vitamin B6 deficiency

in patients with asthma, heart disease, pregnancy and those taking hydralazine and carbidopa-levodopa

what is the name of vitamin B7

biotin

what is pyridoxine used to treat

vitamin B6 deficiency and the treatment of age related macular degeneration and pregnancy induced nausea and vomiting

what is biotin deficiency

a deficiency in vitamin B7 seen in patients that eat large amounts of raw egg whites

what is biotin used to treat

• biotin is likely safe and effective for biotin deficiency

• biotin is likely safe with insufficient evidence regarding treating brittle nails

what is the name for vitamin B9

folic acid

what is folic acid deficiency