Module 3: Jung

The conscious

Anything you are readily aware of, namely, all external senses, impressions, thoughts, and awareness of feelings and bodily sensations

The personal unconscious

Individual (personal) experiences, namely, repressed memories, impulses, or subliminally perceived experiences

The collective unconscious

Results from collective experiences inherited from our ancestors, such as archetypes and innate tendencies (mother carrying baby)

Archetype

Represent an ancient image or a universal thought derived from the collective unconscious

Inherited NOT learned

What are Jung’s four approaches to therapy?

Confession

Elucidation

Education

Transformation

What are Jung’s two proposed types of attitudes?

Introverted and Extroverted Attitude

Confession

Recounting one’s history

Elucidation

Therapist provides interpretation and explanation

Education

Teaching patient’s how to be social beings

Transformation

Therapist moves the patient towards self-realisation

Persona

The tendency to protect your public self and hide your private self—the “good impression.”

Shadow

The “dark side” of the ego, namely, oppression, depression, and aggressive urges. If you lie, cheat, and steal, that will likely exist within the shadows.

Anima and Animus

The feminine and masculine sides of each person. To have a good psyche, you must balance both the masculine and feminine.

Anima

The female aspect present in men, associated with deep emotionality

Animus

The male aspect present in women, associated with logical and being rational

Mother

Anyone related to fertility, but most importantly, it could be positive or negative

Hero

The conqueror of the enemy

The trickster

The comical relief character, such as a magician

External child

A mature person who behaves childishly

Key takeaway from Jung’s archetypes

Each generate some sort of image, and they are inherited, not learned.

They were not created by Disney movies; you already know them, but just recognise them in Disney movies

Jung’s dynamic psyche

The interplay between the three principles that operate the psyche: the principle of opposites, equivalence, and entropy

Principle of opposites

Every wish immediately brings to mind its opposite; if you have a good thought, you cannot help but have an opposite bad thought.

Ex. If you pick up a tiny baby robin to nurse it, you can’t help but think you can easily crush it in your hand.

Principle of equivalence

The energy created from the opposition is "given" to both sides equally.

Ex. When you hold the baby robin, the energy to help it and the energy to crush it are equal.

What happens between the two equal energies in the psyche according to the principle of equivalence?

You either acknowledge it, or you can deny and suppress it into a “complex,” which clusters around an archetype (e.g. suppression would make it part of the shadow)

Principle of entropy

When oppositions come together, and so for energy to decrease over a person’s lifetime

Ex. The ending “honeymoon” phase of a marriage

Introversion (according to Jung)

The turning inward of psychic energy, meaning, being more oriented to your inner world, such as to your fantasies, dreams, and/or overall individual perceptions

Extroversion (according to Jung)

The turning outward of your psychic energy, meaning, a person is more oriented toward their external environment and surroundings

What are Jung’s four psychological function types?

Thinkers

Feelers

Sensor

Intuiters

Thinkers

They think rather than feel; they use logic rather than feelings

Feelers

More inclined to personal values, beliefs, and feelings rather than logic and critical thinking

Sensor

Most comfortable dealing with their five senses

Intuiter

Goes beyond the consciousness and focuses on the extrasensory—it is like seeing around corners

How did Jung measure introversion and extroversion?

Jung didn't rank introversion and extroversion on a scale like the big five; he stated we had both, but more of one over the other

Goal of Jungian psychotherapy

To help healthy people reach self-actualisation, and to help people with chronic conditions be healthy

What can a self-actualised person do, according to Jung?

Can best assimilate their unconscious self into self-actualisation