Mass Politics and Imperial Domination

Mass Politics

A political era where large groups of citizens influenced government through voting, newspapers, and interest groups.

Universal Male Suffrage

Voting rights granted to all adult men.

Public Education

Free and compulsory schooling used to create patriotic and literate citizens.

Popular Journalism

Cheap newspapers that shaped public opinion and political debate.

Paris Commune

Radical self-governing movement in Paris (1871) that was violently suppressed.

Kulturkampf

Bismarck’s policies limiting Catholic Church power in Germany.

Labor Unions

Worker organizations demanding better wages and working conditions.

Socialism

Political ideology seeking economic equality and worker protections.

Second International

Socialist organization formed in 1889 to unite socialist parties.

Anarchism

Belief that society should exist without government authority.

Anti-Semitism

Prejudice or hostility toward Jewish people.

Dreyfus Affair

French political scandal involving a Jewish officer wrongly accused of treason.

Zionism

Movement supporting a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

Feminism

Movement advocating legal and political equality for women.