Oncology: Lung and Colorectal Cancer - BNUR2902

A comprehensive set of 30 vocabulary flashcards focused on key concepts related to lung and colorectal cancer as covered in BNUR2902.

Which condition is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Canada, primarily linked to cigarette smoking?

• A) Breast Cancer

• B) Lung Cancer

• C) Prostate Cancer

• D) Colorectal Cancer

B) Lung Cancer

What does the 5-Year survival rate signify in lung cancer patients, currently estimated at 19\%?

• A) The amount of time until metastasis occurs
• B) The probability of complete cure within 5 months
• C) The percentage of patients who live at least 5 years after diagnosis
• D) The effectiveness of chemotherapy over 5 cycles

C) The percentage of patients who live at least 5 years after diagnosis

What is the clinical term for the study of the causation of diseases?

• A) Pathophysiology
• B) Epidemiology
• C) Oncology
• D) Etiology

D) Etiology

Tobacco smoke contains approximately 60 of these cancer-causing substances. What are they called?

• A) Carcinogens
• B) Teratogens
• C) Mutagens
• D) Pathogens

A) Carcinogens

Lung cancer-associated changes typically occur in which specific tissue lining the bronchi?

• A) Alveolar Sacs
• B) Pleural Membrane
• C) Mediastinum
• D) Bronchial Epithelium

D) Bronchial Epithelium

Which term describes the functional changes that accompany a particular syndrome or disease?

• A) Pathophysiology
• B) Etiology
• C) Symptomatology
• D) Morphology

A) Pathophysiology

Which type of lung cancer is often associated with cigarette smoking and is characterized by the presentation of earlier symptoms?

• A) Adenocarcinoma
• B) Squamous Cell Carcinoma
• C) Small Cell Lung Cancer
• D) Large Cell Carcinoma

B) Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Which type of lung cancer is more common in women and typically remains asymptomatic until metastasis?

• A) Squamous Cell Carcinoma
• B) Small Cell Lung Cancer
• C) Adenocarcinoma
• D) Bronchial Carcinoid

C) Adenocarcinoma

Which highly aggressive type of lung cancer is strongly associated with smoking and carries a poor prognosis?

• A) Adenocarcinoma
• B) Squamous Cell Carcinoma
• C) Large Cell Carcinoma
• D) Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)

D) Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)

Which category constitutes the most common type of lung cancer, including subtypes like adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma?

• A) Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
• B) Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)
• C) Mesothelioma
• D) Oat Cell Carcinoma

A) Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

What is the medical term for difficult or labored breathing, a frequent symptom in lung cancer?

• A) Hemoptysis
• B) Dyspnea
• C) Dysphagia
• D) Cyanosis

B) Dyspnea

Although not a common early symptom, what is the term for coughing up blood in lung cancer?

• A) Hematemesis
• B) Epistaxis
• C) Hemoptysis
• D) Hemothorax

C) Hemoptysis

Which treatment uses high doses of radiation to kill or shrink tumors and can be used for curative or palliative purposes?

• A) Chemotherapy
• B) Targeted Therapy
• C) Immunotherapy
• D) Radiation Therapy

D) Radiation Therapy

What is the treatment modality that involves using drugs to kill cancer cells, particularly in advanced lung cancer?

• A) Chemotherapy
• B) Radiation Therapy
• C) Resection
• D) Brachytherapy

A) Chemotherapy

What is the second most common cause of cancer death in Canada, involving the colon or rectum?

• A) Pancreatic Cancer
• B) Colorectal Cancer
• C) Lung Cancer
• D) Gastric Cancer

B) Colorectal Cancer

Which procedure allows for visual inspection of the interior of the colon and rectum for diagnosing cancer?

• A) Gastroscopy
• B) Sigmoidoscopy
• C) Colonoscopy
• D) Laparoscopy

C) Colonoscopy

What are tests performed to detect disease in individuals without symptoms, which is vital for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer?

• A) Staging
• B) Biopsy
• C) Surveillance
• D) Screening

D) Screening

Which common symptom of colorectal cancer may not always be visible to the patient?

• A) Rectal Bleeding
• B) Dysphagia
• C) Jaundice
• D) Ascites

A) Rectal Bleeding

What are the non-cancerous growths in the colon that have the potential to develop into colorectal cancer?

• A) Diverticula
• B) Adenomatous Polyps
• C) Hemorrhoids
• D) Fistulas

B) Adenomatous Polyps

Which post-surgical complication occurs when the connection between segments of the intestine fails to heal properly?

• A) Adhesion
• B) Ileus
• C) Anastomotic Leak
• D) Peritonitis

C) Anastomotic Leak

What is the process involving diet changes and laxatives required before a colonoscopy or surgery?

• A) Nutritional Support
• B) Intravenous Hydration
• C) Gastric Decompression
• D) Bowel Preparation

D) Bowel Preparation

Which procedure uses a needle, often imaging-guided, to remove tissue for examination?

• A) Percutaneous Biopsy
• B) Resection
• C) Endoscopy
• D) Thoracostomy

A) Percutaneous Biopsy

What condition involves compression of the large vein carrying blood from the upper body, often seen in lung cancer patients?

• A) Pulmonary Embolism
• B) Deep Vein Thrombosis
• C) Superior Vena Cava Obstruction
• D) Cardiac Tamponade

C) Superior Vena Cava Obstruction

What is the process of determining the extent of cancer spread, which is essential for treatment planning?

• A) Grading
• B) Biopsy
• C) Prognosis
• D) Staging

D) Staging

Which type of medical care focuses on relief from symptoms and stress to improve quality of life for patients with serious illnesses?

• A) Palliative Care
• B) Curative Care
• C) Preventive Care
• D) Subacute Care

A) Palliative Care

What is a group of healthcare professionals from various specialties working together to manage patient care called?

• A) Unit Council
• B) Multidisciplinary Team
• C) Quality Improvement Taskforce
• D) Board of Trustees

B) Multidisciplinary Team

What term describes treatment intended to prevent disease, such as chemotherapy in high-risk patients?

• A) Salvage Therapy
• B) Neo-adjuvant Therapy
• C) Prophylactic Therapy
• D) Adjuvant Therapy

C) Prophylactic Therapy

What is the post-treatment care focused on monitoring for recurrence or new symptoms?

• A) Rehabilitation
• B) Triage
• C) Referral
• D) Follow-Up

D) Follow-Up

What procedure evaluates a patient's nutritional status and is crucial for cancer patients undergoing treatment?

• A) Nutrition Assessment
• B) Anthropometric Measurement
• C) Metabolic Screening
• D) Caloric Titration

A) Nutrition Assessment

Which long-term lung conditions can complicate the management and treatment of lung cancer?

• A) Acute Bronchitis
• B) Chronic Respiratory Problems
• C) Pneumothorax
• D) Pulmonary Edema

B) Chronic Respiratory Problems

Efforts to improve health behaviors, such as smoking cessation programs, are categorized as what?

• A) Tertiary Prevention
• B) Health Screening
• C) Case Management
• D) Health Promotion

D) Health Promotion