AP World History Modern: Unit 1

Flashcards of key vocabulary from lecture notes

Bureaucracy in China:

China had a centralized imperial bureaucracy which required members of government to take merit exams.

Chinese Meritocracy system

System provided more upward mobility than any other government hiring system in the world at the time.

Grand Canal

Increased Trade, THEY’RE RICH!

Steel/Iron Production

Allowed farm tools to be stronger and more efficient.

Champa Rice

High caloric rice that grew in dry soil year around created a surplus in food.

Confucianism

Emphasized filial piety

Buddhism

Came to China on the Silk Road; combined with Taoism to create Zen-Buddhism.

Neo-Confucianism

Rose in Song China as a response to the rise of Buddhism

Tributary System

States surrounding China had to pay a tribute to China in the form of money or goods; this continued to increase Chinese prosperity.

al-Andalus in Spain

Muslim empire in Spain that represents tolerance and collaboration between numerous religions in Muslim occupied territories.

Mamluk Empire

Turkish slaves working in Egypt who attacked and seized control of the Egyptian government created a Muslim empire across North Africa known as the Mamluk Sultanate

Seljuk Turks

Muslim Turks who captured parts of the Middle East including Baghdad.

Nasiral-Din al-Tusi

Celebrated Islamic Scholar who made advances in math that laid the groundwork for trigonometry.

A’ishah al-Ba’uniyyah

The most prolific female Muslim writer before the 20th century!

Aztecs (Mexica)

Arose in the 13th Century near lake Texcoco which allowed for farming, fishing, and transportation.

Inca Empire

Centered around Lake Titicaca in Peru

Carpa Nan

Connected the large empire - one of the largest roads in the world at the time, with checkpoints throughout.

Maya

Were decentralized with many city-states spread throughout the region.

Stateless Society

Did not have an organized and centralized government.

Trans-Saharan Trade

Trade was improved by the use of camels and the camel saddle and caravans.

Great Zimbabwe

Large and non-Islamic; dominated African gold and trade on coastal ports in the Indian Ocean network. Built a great wall for protection

Ethiopia (Aksum)

Link between the Arab and Mediterranean world; Exposed to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam

Manorialism

Existed during a time of decentralization; Land owners would have peasants (serfs) work and live on their land; In exchange, the Lord of the manor would provide protection for the serf.

Feudalism

Replaced Manorialism; A military and political system that provided more protection from Viking Raids.