PDF 9 (Coping with loss and grieving,death)

Loss

-a situation wherein a valued person is no longer perceived as valuable

Bereavement

-subjective response to a loss

Grief

-response to the emotional experience of the loss

Mourning

-behavioral process

-often influence by culture and custom

Infants and Toddlers (0-2yrs)

-acutely sensitive to any change

3-4 years

-doesn’t understand “Death”

-believes death is temporary sleeping

(Developmental concept of death)

9-12 yrs

-death is inevitable

(developmental concept of death)

12-18yrs

-fears of lingering death

-afterlife, reincarnation

(developmental concept of death)

5-9yrs

-death if final

-believes death can be avoided

(developmental concept of death)

18-45 yrs

-death is influence by religious and cultural beliefs

(develomental concept of death)

Mourning for 9 days

vigils

Last Rites

Baptism by Death

Rosary throughout the day

Wakes

Religious beliefs and practices

The cross

Images of Saints

The Rosary

Wearing black/ white

Symbolism of religious beliefs and practices

45-65 yrs

-accepts own mentality

-encounters death of parents and some peers

(developmental concept of death)

65 yrs above

-fears prolonged illness

-sees death as having multiple meanings

(developmental concept of death)

Denial

Anger

Bargaining

Depression

Acceptance

Rubler-ross stages of grieving

Denial

-refuses to beliece that loss is happening

Anger

-family may direct anger at the nurse

Bargaining

-Bargain to avoid loss

Depression

-grieves over what has happened and what cannot be

Acceptance

-comes to terms with loss

-may wish to begin making plans

Shock and Disbelief

Yearning and Protest

Anguish, Disoriented and Despair

Identification in Bereavement

Reorganization and Restitution

Martocchio’s 5 cluster of grief

Loss of muscle tone

Slowing circulation

Changes in Vital signs

Sensory impairment

Signs of Impending Clinical death

Encephalogram (EEG)

electrical activity of brain

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

electrical activity of heart

Decapitation

Decomposition

Postmortem Lividity

Postmortem Rigidity

Burned Beyond Recognition

5 signs of irreversible death

Decapitation

-above collar level

Decomposition

-flesh begin to rot

Postmortem Lividity

-livor mortis

-blood stops flowing

Postmortem Rigidity

-body becomes stiff

Burned beyond Recognition

-victim burned so bad

-no longer recognizable

Pallor Mortis

Algor Mortis

Livor Mortis

Rigor Mortis

Stages of Death

Pallor Mortis

-minutes of heart stopping

-pinkish tone of a caucasian person

(stages of death)

Algor Mortis

-aka death chill

-decrease in body temperature

-minus 2 degree in first hour

-minus 1 degree in one hour after the first hour

Livor Mortis

-2 to 6 hours

-pull the blood to the areas of the body closes to ground

-aka “posmortem stain” sa embalmers

Rigor Mortis

-3rd hour after death

-muscles stiffens

-affected (face) eyelids, jaw and cheek