Bio lab quiz Active and Passive Transport

What is the main function of the nephron?

To filter blood, reabsorb needed molecules, and secrete wastes, maintaining homeostasis.

What happens during filtration in the nephron?

Liquid is forced through Bowman's capsule; filtrate contains water, urea, glucose, amino acids, and ions.

What is the purpose of reabsorption?

To retain molecules needed to maintain homeostasis, such as water, ions, and nutrients.

What happens during secretion?

The nephron eliminates molecules not needed by the body, e.g., urea.

Where does filtration occur?

In the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.

Which molecules are commonly reabsorbed in the nephron?

Water, glucose, amino acids, and ions.

What molecules are commonly secreted?

Urea, excess ions, and wastes

Why is secretion important in kidney function?

It helps remove toxins and maintain chemical balance in the blood.

Why does the cell prioritize glucose over maltose?

Glucose is the preferred energy source and metabolized more efficiently.

Name the functional unit of the kidney.

Nephron

Main structures to label in a nephron?

Glomerulus, Bowman's Capsule, Tubules

Role of the glomerulus?

Filters blood to form filtrate

Role of Bowman's Capsule?

Collects filtrate from the glomerulus

Role of tubules?

Reabsorb water/solutes and secrete wastes

True or False: Wash test tubes with soap after lab.

False—rinse only with water and return to rack

What is passive transport?

Movement of molecules across a membrane without energy, down the concentration gradient.

Types of passive transport?

Diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion

What is diffusion?

Molecules move from high to low concentration

What is osmosis?

Diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane

What is facilitated diffusion?

Molecules move through membrane proteins

Does passive transport require energy?

No

Example of facilitated diffusion?

Glucose or ions (Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻)

What is active transport?

Movement against a concentration gradient, requiring energy (ATP)

Types of active transport?

Primary active transport, secondary active transport

Primary active transport?

Uses ATP directly

Secondary active transport?

Uses energy from ion gradients set up by primary transport

Why do cells perform active transport?

To maintain homeostasis, uptake nutrients, remove wastes against gradients

Which transport type is studied in the Maltose Transporter Assay?

Active transport

What is on the arrow

Tubules

What is on the arrow

Glomerulus

What is on the arrow

Bowman’s Capsule

What is this?

Renal Cortex