INTRO TO NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY

Nutrition

is a science that deals with the study of foods, nutrients and other substances therein ,their action , interaction and balance in relation to health and disease.

Foods

any substance organic or inorganic when ingested or eat nourishes the body

GO 

Supplying heat and energy

GROW

Building and repairing tissues

GLOW

regulating bodily processes

Functional Foods

foods that may provide health benefits beyond their nutrient contributions.

ENERGY DENSE FOODS

a measure of the energy provides relative to the amount of foods .

4 kcal

1 gram carbohydrates (CHO)

4 kcal

1 gram protein (CHON)

9 kcal

1 gram fats (FATS)

NUTRIENT DENSE FOODS

Foods that are rich in vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients compared to their calories.

whole foods

 Foods that are natural and unprocessed

fortified foods

Foods that have extra nutrients added to make them healthier.

modified foods

 Foods that are changed in some way to make them healthier or easier to use.

energy dense foods

Foods that have a lot of calories in a small amount of food.

Empty or Junk Foods

contains less or no energy and nutrient content, more on added sugar, trans-fats, more in sodium, monosodium glutamate and preservatives

Nutrients

intangible property of nutrition and is a chemical component of foods needed by the body for one or more of these 3 functions

Energy giving nutrients

² carbohydrates

² proteins

² Fats

Non-caloric nutrients

² Water

² Minerals

Vitamins

Body Building Nutrients

Water

Proteins

Body Regulating Nutrients

Include the 6 groups of nutrients. They maintain homeostasis of body fluid and expedite metabolic process.

Body Regulating Nutrients

Include the 6 groups of nutrients. They maintain homeostasis of body fluid and expedite metabolic process.

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats and Vitamins

Organic

Water and Minerals

Inorganic

Macronutrients

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats. Measured in grams (g)

Micronutrients

Vitamins and Minerals. Measured in milligrams (mg)

According to Function, According to Chemical Nature, According to Concentration, According to Essentiality

Nutrients are classified into what

Wellness

the top range of health state ; the goal of the person strives toward realizing his or her full potential physically , mentally emotionally , spiritually ,and socially.

Malnutrition

condition of the body resulting from lack of one or more essential nutrients or it maybe due to an excessive nutrient supply to the point of creating toxic or harmful effects

Undernutrition, Overnutrition, Specific Deficiency, Imbalance

Forms of malnutrition

Acute and Chronic

v Types of Malnutrition

Nutritional Status or Nutriture

is the condition of the body resulting from the utilization of essential nutrients.

Optimum or Good Nutrition

the body has adequate supply of essential nutrients that are efficiently utilized such that growth and good health are maintained at the highest possible level

Proper Nutrition

is eating the right kind, the right amount of food, eating at the right time and in most sanitary manner

Body Energy Giving Foods

² Cereals, root crops, oils and waxes

Body Building Foods

² Meats (pork, beef, carabeef)

² Poultry (chicken, ducks, turkey, birds, eggs)

² Fish and shellfish ( fresh and salty sources)

² Legumes (beans and nuts subtitutes)

² Milk and milk products

Body Regulating foods

fruits and vegetables

Ingestion

taking of food into the digestive tract, generally through the mouth

Digestion

mechanical and chemical processes converting nutrients to a physically absorbable state

Mastication

chewing

Deglutition

swallowing

Segmentation

contraction of circular muscle in the GI trac

Peristalsis

rhythmic, coordinated serial contractions of smooth muscles of GI tract

Absorption

the process whereby the end products of digestion pass through the epithelial membranes in small and large intestines and into blood or lymph systems

Metabolism

the conversion of nutrients into energy.

Anabolism

v the constructive process of metabolism, requires energy

Catabolism

v  the destructive process of metabolism, releases energy

Basal metabolism

v the energy needed to maintain essential physiologic functions

Excretion

the process of eliminating or removing waste products from the body.

Physician

Is to raise awareness of the fundamental importance of nutritional care in everyday clinical practice, and thereby improve patient care.

Dietitian

Referred to as a clinical nutrition specialist, a registered dietitian nutritionist, or a public health nutritionist, is the nutrition authority on the health care team; this health care professional carries the major responsibility of nutrition care for patients and clients.