hobbs review

Alfred Thayer Mahan

historian at the Naval Academy, he wrote the Influence of Sea Power on History in the 1980s- it was translated into German, Russian, and Japanese (and other languages)

Owned U.S. steel co, implemented the bessemer process, company logo same us pittsburgh steelers.

Andrew Carnegie

Founded the American Railway union, founded the Socialist Party of America, Ran for president 5 times never won,founded the International Workers of the World then left when it became too violent

Gene Debbs

Louis Sullivan

Chicago architect, had a good opportunity after the Chicago fire to make new structures out of steel, led to the Home Insurance Building, Flatiron building

Oliver Wendell Holmes

Nominated to the Supreme Court by Roosevelt in 1902, Schneck vs. United States said the constitution doesn't guarantee anyone’s right to shout fire in a crowded theater

Teddy Roosevelt

Lived in NYC, went to Harvard, was a Trust Buster, one of the most famous examples of progressivism, a huge conservationist, created the Roosevelt Corollary, wrote “The Strenuous life

Samuel Gompers

Founded American Federation of Labor, promoted unity among different chapters, successfully won reduced hours and increased wages, worked to drive radicals out of the AFL, supported the war effort

William Appleman Williams

Historian, UCLA, said that the frontier spirit lived on and found expression beyond America’s border

“The Strenuous Life”

Written by Roosevelt said that we can’t take an easy life

16th Amendment

1913,Progressive Income Tax

17th Amendment

1913, direct election of senators

18th Amendment

1919, Prohibition of Alcohol, later repealed, only amendment ever repealed

19th Amendment

1920, Women get to vote

American Federation of Labor

Founded by Gompers in 1886, worked to get reduced hours with increased pay, was successful, became politically active

Annexation of Hawaii

1898 as part of the Spanish American war, added for Pearl Harbor Naval Base

Annexation of the Philippines

Philippine-American war, annexed in 1901, Subic Naval Bases

Antiquities Act

1906, allowed presidents to designate national monuments and other culturally significant places

Banana Republic

A country that relies on only one export, ex

Bull Moose Party

The Progressive party, Theodore Roosevelt was one of the first ones, it was to increase federal regulation and protect the welfare of ordinary people.

Clayton Antitrust Act

defines Unethical business practices like

Conservationism

Protecting the Natural Habitat, most commonly by creating national parks

Cuba

Was a Banana republic with Cigar and Sugar, got help from the U.S. to win independence, Platt Agreement, U.S. retained Guantanamo Bay for a military base

Democracy Progressivism

at the state level, 17th amendment, 19th amendment

Economic Progressivism

16th amendment, Federal Reserve Act (Federal Reserve Bank)

Efficiency Progressivism

city manager system, efforts to eliminate waste and corruption, conservation movements (National Parks)

Federal Reserve Act

Created the Federal Reserve Bank

Gentlemans’ Agreement

an agreement saying that Japan would not let anymore Japanese emigrate to the US (unless wives, parents, or children of current Japanese living in the US) and the US would not impose any restrictions on Japanese immigrants already in the US.

Guam

used as a layover for U.S. Navy because it was too small for a base

Guantanamo Bay

Where the U.S. launched their attack on the Spanish in Cuba

Haymarket Riot

workers called their replacements scabs, bomb is thrown into police lines (kills 3, injures 40), riot breaks out and lasts all night, Anarchists were blamed and eight of them were killed

Homestead Strike

Pinkertons were called in and then forced to surrender by the workers, the workers tortured the Pinkertons, Governor had to call in the national guard

Imperialism

When one nation controls or has a strong influence over another

“Influence of Sea Power on History”

Written by Mahan, influenced countries all over the world to put money into their Navy, whoever has a good navy and ports around the world will rule

Johnstown Flood

Pittsburgh, 2,200 people died, man made disaster (poorly built dam), implicated Carnegie, symbolized big businesses stepping over the little man

Naval War of 1812

A book written by Roosevelt, impressed majority of historians, recounted the war

Panama Canal

Begun by the French but was taken over by America, Panama revolted against Columbia and the U.S. threatened to intervene if Columbia stood in the way

Pearl Harbor

Naval Base established in Hawaii during the Spanish-American War

Pendleton Act

It was like the Spoils System except for the fact that the nominees had to take a test to see if they could actually do the job, this was to keep from having unfit loyal subjects of the president from serving.

Platt Amendment

Stated that America reserves the right to intervene in Cuba

Puerto Rico

Is a territory of the U.S. today, never became a state

Pure Food and Drug Act

Pushed for by Roosevelt, protected consumers from false advertisement or potentially dangerous products

Roosevelt Corollary

A corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, asserted that America had the duty to intervene in Latin American countries that had become politically unstable of financially insolvent

Schenck v. United States

Schenck was speaking out against the war effort and was arrested, appealed to the supreme court where Schenck lost

Sherman Antitrust Act

created in 1890 to begin to take down big corporations that had a bunch of trusts

Skyscraper

started after the chicago fire (chicago had the first skyscraper), there was then a competition between Chicago and New York with “who had the biggest skyscraper and the best city”

Social Progressivism

Adamson act (8 hr workday), Keating-Owen Child Labor Act (16 to work), 18th amendment

Spanish-American War

War over Cuba’s independence, U.S. wasn’t allowed to annex Cuba, U.S. Annexed Hawaii, Guam, Philippines, and Puerto Rico

Subic Bay

Located in the Philippines

Tenth Ward/ Lower East Side

Manhattan, New York, had dumbbell tenements

“The Jungle”

written by Upton Sinclair (a socialist) about how the meat industry elites don’t care about their workers, one of the people go missing, it is then revealed that he fell into the grinder and was turned into processed meat, made a movement to make more precautions on workers and the meat industry, made a organization to inspect the meat industry.

United Fruit Company

Originally a railroad company that was growing bananas to feed workers, made more money on selling bananas than railroads, became the main political power in Central America, changed names to Chiquita after it was found out that they treated workers badly