World History World War 1

The spark of WWI

The spark of WWI

the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Serbian nationalist group: the Black Hand.

Nationalism

This cause of World War I was based on an intense pride in one's nation.

Triple Entente

This alliance is pre-WWI and included the Great Britain, France, Russia.

Zimmerman Telegram

Germany offering to aid Mexico if they went to war with the U.S. Intercepted by the British, upset the U.S.

Lusitania

This British passenger ship was sunk by German U-boats in 1915, carrying civilians and ammunition to Britain from the U.S.

Trench Warfare

This style of warfare was common in WWI, due to the invention of the machine gun and heavy artillery. It included digging long holes in the ground, separated by barbed wire and a no man's land.

Imperialism

This cause of World War I is when a country takes over another country for resources, power, etc.

Alliances

This was a major cause of WWI, where countries agreed to support one another in case of attack.

Triple Alliance

This alliance was made of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy in the years before WWI.

Central Powers

This was a major alliance during World War I, made up of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and Ottoman Empire. (Italy left)

Allied Powers

This was a major alliance during World War I made up of Britain, France, Italy and the U.S., (Russia left).

Militarism

This cause of World War I was a policy of building up strong armed forces to prepare for war.

Treaty of Versailles

The treaty imposed on Germany by the Allied powers at the end of WWI which demanded reparations and that Germany take full responsibility. Ended the war.

Schlieffen Plan

Attack plan by Germans, proposed by Schlieffen, attack France then Russia because France was weaker.

Wilson's 14 Points

Plan for world peace, main purpose was to establish the League of Nations

Franz Ferdinand

Heir to the Austrian throne who was assassinated.

Western Front

In WWI, the region of Northern France where the forces of the Allies and the Central Powers battled each other.

Big Four

Italy, Great Britain, France and the United States

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Treaty in which Russia lost substantial territory to the Central Powers. This ended Russian participation in the war.

July 28th 1914

WWI begins

U.S position during WWI

Started as isolationists, provoked by Germany to enter WWI.

Stalemate

Before the U.S. entered, the war was at this point.

Italy position during the war

Part of the triple alliance, but switched to the Allied Powers during the course of the war.

The Black Hand

Serbian nationalist/terrorist group responsible for the assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand which resulted in the start of World War I.

Shell Shock

Medical condition caused by prolonged exposure to the distressing experiences of war.

Vladimir Lenin

Leader of the Bolsheviks and first ruler of the Soviet Union

Woodrow Wilson

President of the United States (1913-1921) Proposed 14 point plan to promote peace and League of Nations.

George Clemenceau

French prime minister during WWI. Wanted to make Germans suffer and stolen land (Alsace Lorraine) returned.

David George Lloyd

British wartime leader from 1916. Wanted Germany to pay for war.

Vittorio Orlando

He was the Italian in the Big Four. Wanted Italy to be recognized as a major power.

Gavrilo Princip

The assassin of Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria, a member of the Black Hand.

Russia's position in WWI

Started on the Triple Entente but dropped out due to revolutions at home.

League of Nations

an international organization formed to promote cooperation and peace among nations

Machine Guns

Forced the creation of trenches to avoid fire.

Serbia's position during WWI

Allies with Russia, refused to accept terms of the July Ultimatum, ultimately starting WWI.

July Ultimatum

Austria-Hungary's demands to Serbia after death of their heir to the throne.

Alsace-Lorraine

Territory taken by Germany from France as a result of the Franco Prussian war. Was later returned to France as a result of German defeat in WWI.

Armistice

an agreement made by opposing sides in a war to stop fighting until peace terms can be made.

October Revolution

Bolsheviks led by Lenin claimed power in name of the soviets and proclaimed a full-scale revolution with support of workers and troops.

"Peace, Land, and Bread"

The slogan used by Lenin to win the support of the people; Peace appealed to the soldiers; Land appealed to the peasants; and Bread appealed to the workers.

Romanovs

Ruling family of Russia

Austria-Hungary's position during WWI

Allied with Germany and Italy, initiated the war and later allied with Germany and the Ottoman Empire

Ottoman Empire

Allied with Germany and Austria-Hungary during WWI, fell apart and became modern day Turkey

Armenian Genocide

the Turkish government organized the department of the armenians in the Ottoman Empire and over a million were murdered or starved - one of the first genocides of the 20th centuries

prosthetics

post WWI this was a way to help wounded soldiers rejoin every day life, artificial body parts

Armistice, 1918

This was the agreement between the Allies and Central Powers that ended the fighting after WWI. It began at 11/11/1918 at 11:11 am.