Poxvirus, Papilloma virus, African Swine fever

Poxvirus are the ____ virus?

Largest

What kind of virus are poxvirus?

Double stranded DNA

Where does poxvirus replicate?

Cytoplasma

How are virons released by the poxvirus?

Lytic or non-cytolytic

What are clinical signs of poxvirus?

Vesicles/ scabbing after 3d-3m incubation

What are ways poxvirus evade the immune system?

Mimicry

Down regulation of:

MHC I, CD4, INF, TNF, IL-10 and complement

What is an important differential of bovine papular stomatitis?

Foot and mouth dz

Myxomatosis will affect which type of rabbit more: sylvilagus or oryctolagus?

oryctolagus

Camelpox will primarily affect what type of camelids?

Old world (not llamas/ alpacas)

How is Poxvirus transmitted?

Aerosole

Mechanical vectors

Direct contact/ fomites

What is prevention for poxvirus?

Vax

Control vectors

Isolation/ slaughter

Name the four foreign animal poxvirus?

Myxomatosis

Lumpy skin dz (cattle)

Sheep/goat pox

camelpox

Name the four zoonotic pox dz?

Cow pox

Contagious ecthema (ORF)

camelpox (rare)

Sealpox

What tissues do cowpox and ORF target?

Oronasal mucosa

What tissues do myxomatosis target?

Skin

Lymphocytes

What tissue does lumpy skin dz target?

Skin

What tissue does sheep/goat and camel pox target?

Skin and Resp

What causes equine sarcoids?

Bovine papilomavirus type 1/2

Papilloma viruses are ___ unlike pox viruses that have a lipid coating?

Non-enveloped - capsid only

What region do papillomaviruses need to infect?

Basal squamous epithelium - replicate in nucleus

How do virons release from cells infected w/ papillomavirus

Non-cytolytic - budding

What are clinical signs of papilloma viruses?

Proliferative lesions (warts) of the epithelium

How do papillomaviruses evade the immune system?

Do not stimulate the immune response

- noncytolitic

- inhibit IFN pathway

How are papilloma viruses treated?

Excision

Cryosurgery

Radiation/ chemotherapy

Spontaneous regression

African swine fever is considered a ___ dz in America?

Foreign - is close since recent appearance in Dominican Republic

How is African swine fever transmitted?

Biologic arthropod vector - ornithodoros

Contact w/ infected domestic/ wild swine

contact w/ infected pork products

Where does African swine fever replicate?

Cytoplasma

How are virons released from cells infected w/ African swine fever?

Non-cytolytic

What occurs in peracute infections of African Swine Fever?

Sudden death

What occurs in acute infections of African Swine Fever?

Fever

Cutaneous hemorrhage

Splenomegaly

What occurs in Subacute infections of African Swine Fever?

Pneumonia

Wt loss

Joint swelling

What are methods of control for African Swine Fever? ?

Depop/Decontaminate/Repop

Prevent exposure to vectors/ feral swine

NO VAX

What is DIVA?

Differentiate Infected from Vaccinated Animals - sep true infections from vax in endemic areas