Philippine Folk Dance - Fundamentals, Dances, and Key Concepts

A comprehensive set of practice flashcards covering FITT/HRF concepts, fundamental arm and foot positions in folk dance, formation and speed categories, major Philippine folk dances by region and type, notable figures, and the cultural significance of folk dance.

What does FITT stand for in training principles and what does HRF stand for?

FITT stands for Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type. HRF stands for Health-Related Fitness.

What is the First Arm Position in Philippine folk dance?

Arms raised in a circle in front of the chest, with hands slightly curved and fingertips at least 1 inch apart.

What is the Second Arm Position in Philippine folk dance?

Arms opened sideward at shoulder level.

What is the Third Arm Position in Philippine folk dance?

One arm raised above the head while the other arm is in the Second Position; the raised arm is slightly curved.

What is the Fourth Arm Position in Philippine folk dance?

The arm in the Second Position is raised forward in front of the chest, while the other arm remains up.

What is the Fifth Arm Position in Philippine folk dance?

Both arms are lifted overhead, slightly curved, with the posture similar to the First Position but raised above the head.

What is the First Feet Position in Philippine folk dance?

Form a V-shape by bringing the heels together to touch while keeping the toes apart.

What is the Second Feet Position in Philippine folk dance?

Move one foot sideward; feet are parallel with about 12 inches between them.

What is the Third Feet Position in Philippine folk dance?

Heel of one foot touches the arch of the other foot with both feet turned outward.

What is the Fourth Feet Position in Philippine folk dance?

Front foot is forward while the other foot retains its position; about 12 inches apart.

What is the Fifth Feet Position in Philippine folk dance?

The heel of the front foot touches the toe of the other foot; both feet point outward.

What is the Combined First Position in arms and feet?

Arms in front circle and feet in a V-shape.

What is the Combined Second Position in arms and feet?

Arms open sideward and feet parallel with about 12 inches apart.

What is the Combined Third Position in arms and feet?

One arm up and the other in Second Position; the raised arm is curved.

What is the Combined Fourth Position in arms and feet?

Front foot forward, one arm forward while the other remains up.

What is the Combined Fifth Position in arms and feet?

Arms overhead and the feet outward, finishing with grace.

Name the three geographical-origin categories of Philippine folk dances and give an example for each.

National: Cariñosa, Tinikling. Regional: Kuratsa (Visayas), Singkil (Mindanao). Local: Binatbatan (Ilocos), Tiklos (Leyte).

What are two examples of Occupational dances?

Pandanggo sa Ilaw, Maglalatik (also Tiklos is listed as occupational).

What are two examples of Religious/Ceremonial dances?

Sinulog, Dugso, Subli.

Name a Courtship dance and an example.

Kuratsa or Cariñosa; examples: Kuratsa, Cariñosa.

Name a Wedding dance example.

Pantomina or Soryano.

Name a Festival dance example.

Tinikling, Sayaw sa Bangko, Sagayan.

Name two Warrior dances.

Sagayan, Sakuting.

Name a Game or Mimetic dance example.

Itik-Itik, Pabo, Binoyugan.

What are the three speed categories and give an example for each.

Slow: Pangalay, Kapa Malong-Malong. Moderate: Cariñosa, Kuratsa. Fast/Lively: Tinikling, Sayaw sa Bangko, Sakuting.

What formations are used in Philippine folk dances and provide an example for each.

Individual (Pangalay), Pair (Cariñosa, Kuratsa), Set (Sakuting, Rigodon), Circle/Line (Tinikling is often in line; Binoyugan in circle).

Name a dance that uses props such as fans or candles.

Pandanggo sa Ilaw (also Cariñosa, Binasuan use props like handkerchiefs or fans).

Which dances use bamboo poles to avoid clashing in performance?

Tinikling and Singkil.

Which dance emphasizes costume movements, often connected to Malong usage?

Kapa Malong-Malong.

Describe Pandanggo sa Ilaw (origin, time signature, and props).

Origin: Lubang Island, Mindoro, Luzon. Time: 3/4 signature (waltz-like). Props: three oil lamps—one on the head and one in each hand.

Which Luzon dance is officially the national dance of the Philippines?

Cariñosa.

What does the word Cariñosa mean in Spanish and what does the dance depict?

Cariñosa means loving or affectionate; it depicts romantic courtship with fans and handkerchiefs.

What is Baro’t Saya and Barong Tagalog in Filipino folk dance attire?

Baro’t Saya is worn by women; Barong Tagalog is worn by men.

What is Polka sa Nayon and where is it popular?

A traditional dance popular in rural towns of Luzon, influenced by Spanish/European culture; celebrates community spirit and festivity.

What is Itik-Itik and where is it popular?

A dance that mimics the movements of ducks; originally from Mindoro but popular in Luzon performances.

What is Jota Rizal?

A dance performed with bamboo castanets played by the dancers.

Name two Mindanao folk dances and a brief characteristic of each.

Singkil: tells the story of a Maranao princess with precise footwork to avoid bamboo poles. Pangalay: intricate hand/arm movements, flowing like water. Sagayan: warrior dance with weapons (kampilan, kalasag). Kapa Malong-Malong: uses Malong in various ways. Buti-Buti: occupational dance mimicking rowing, diving, casting.

What are the five fundamental characteristics of Philippine folk dance?

Traditional; expressive; simple rhythm dominates; often without a single known choreographer and created communally; serves a function in the folk people's life.

Why are Philippine folk dances important to culture and heritage?

They reflect cultural heritage, traditions, and history; preserve and celebrate indigenous, Spanish, and other influences for future generations.

Who is known as the 'Mother of Philippine Folk Dance' and what are two major awards she received?

Francisca Reyes-Aquino; Republic Award of Merit (1954) and Ramon Magsaysay Award (1962). Birth: May 9, 1899; Death: November 21, 1983.

What is the significance of Francisca Reyes-Aquino in Philippine folk dance?

She documented and preserved indigenous Philippine folk dances, cataloged many regional dances, and contributed to their authentic representation.

What is Sinulog and what region is it associated with?

A vibrant festival dance honoring Santo Niño; widely associated with Visayas, particularly Cebu.

What is Sayaw sa Bangko and where is it from?

Dance on the bench; a Visayas/Luzon regional piece, known in Ilocos and other parts of Luzon.

What is the primary purpose of teaching folk dance in education according to the notes?

To preserve intangible cultural heritage, develop cultural identity, and promote social cohesion and awareness.

How can folk dance contribute to intangible cultural heritage preservation?

By transmitting knowledge, skills, and meanings to new generations, ensuring continuity of traditional practices and beliefs.

What are five questions about intangible cultural heritage mentioned for discussion?

1) How does teaching folkdance contribute to cultural identity and tradition? 2) Why include folkdance in education? 3) How does learning folkdance benefit individuals and communities? 4) How can teaching folkdance preserve intangible cultural heritage? 5) What role does folkdance play in promoting social cohesion and cultural awareness?