(5/6) Metabolic Health: Simple Sugars and Fatty Liver Disease

These flashcards summarize key points regarding the effects of simple sugars and carbohydrate intake on metabolic health and fatty liver disease.

What is de novo lipogenesis (DNL)?

The process by which the body converts carbohydrates into fat.

What hierarchy of fuel selection is established in human metabolism?

Acetate (Ethanol) > Carbohydrates > Fatty Acids.

What happens to surplus carbohydrates in the body?

They are not primarily converted to fat but replace fat in oxidation and can contribute to body fat.

How does fructose intake impact metabolic health?

Increased fructose intake is associated with higher triglycerides, worse insulin sensitivity, and increased visceral fat.

What is the impact of sugar intake reduction on adolescents with fatty liver disease?

It reduces liver fat, hepatic fat synthesis, and blood LDL cholesterol levels.

What are some effects of long-term dietary fructose consumption?

Increased post-prandial triglycerides, worse insulin sensitivity, and increased visceral body fat.

What is the typical impact of high levels of carbohydrate intake on fat oxidation?

High carbohydrate intake spares fat oxidation and leads to fat accrual in the body.

How does the consumption of simple sugars influence triglyceride levels?

Greater consumption of simple sugars can significantly increase triglyceride levels.

What is the primary source of fructose in the modern diet?

It primarily comes from sweetened beverages and foods, particularly high fructose corn syrup.

What defines Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)?

It is characterized by excess fat in the liver that is not due to alcohol consumption and may lead to severe liver disease and complications.

Fructose Big part of ur diet ( it is a sweetener) abt 8-10% of diet

Fructose tastes way sweeter than sucrose and its a lot cheaper to make industrially

High fructose= 55% fructose and 45%glucose

Sucrose is equal parts fructose and glucose