Thyroid and Parathyroid Medications Review

A series of flashcards focused on key concepts, medications, and their actions, side effects, and nursing implications related to thyroid and parathyroid treatments.

What stimulates the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) related to thyroid function?

Autoimmune attack on the thyroid gland leading to low production of T3 and T4.

What is the common medication used as an oral coagulant?

Warfarin.

What are the main thyroid hormones responsible for metabolism?

T3 and T4.

What medication is commonly used for hypothyroidism?

Levothyroxine (Synthroid).

What are the actions of Levothyroxine (Synthroid)?

Increases metabolism, oxygen consumption, and heart rate/respiratory rate.

What are common adverse reactions to Levothyroxine?

Cardiac issues, tremors, nervousness, skin reactions, and hair loss.

How should Levothyroxine be taken to ensure maximum absorption?

On an empty stomach.

For which condition is Methimazole (Tapazole) primarily indicated?

Hyperthyroidism.

What major adverse reaction is associated with Methimazole?

Reduced granulocytes leading to impaired immunity.

Which medication is known for potential severe liver injury among thyroid medications?

Propylthiouracil (PTU).

What are the nursing implications for patients taking Propylthiouracil (PTU)?

Monitoring vital signs and signs/symptoms of hypo/hyperthyroidism.

What is a notable characteristic of radioactive iodine treatment?

Requires radioactive precautions due to serious potential effects.

What can occur with excessive administration of vitamin D regarding calcium levels?

Hypercalcemia.

What should patients be encouraged to avoid when taking antihypercalcemic agents?

Iodine-rich foods.

What are the indications for calcitonin use?

Paget's disease, osteoporosis, and hypercalcemia.

What type of anemia is characterized by abnormal large red blood cells?

Macrocytic anemia.

Which vitamin is essential for producing healthy red blood cells?

Vitamin B12.

What is the action of Erythropoiesis stimulating agents?

Stimulates red blood cell production.

What should be monitored in patients receiving iron preparations?

Signs of iron overdose or poisoning.

What condition must be monitored when taking narcotic therapy medications?

Respiratory depression.

What are some common adverse reactions of opioids?

Sedation, constipation, and potential for cardiac arrest.

What effect do ergot derivatives have on cranial blood vessels?

Vasoconstriction.

What is the recommended action when an anaphylactic reaction to a blood transfusion occurs?

Stop infusion and monitor vital signs.