Test 1 Public Speaking

Where does “One who forms a judgment on any point but cannot explain [it clearly] might as well never have thought at all on the subject” -Pericles play out?

Plays out in politics, social media, and Hollywood

3 Main Points (Aristotle's rule of 3): easier to remember 3 topics

rule of 3

what are the similarities between public speaking and conversation?

• Organizing your thoughts logically

• Tailoring your message to the audience 

• Telling a story for maximum impact

• Adapting to listener feedback

definition of glassphobia

fear of public speaking

what is helpful with speech anxiety

• Heightened sense of awareness 

• Importance placed on preparation

• Adrenaline boost

what is unhelpful speech anxiety

Previous negative experiences, Irrational thinking, Unpreparedness 

Fallacies that contribute to unhelpful speech anxiety

fallacy of perfection, approval, and overgeneralization/exaggeration

it's ok if it's not word-for-word what you practiced

fallacy of perfection

you don't have to win over the entire audience

Fallacy of approval

exaggerating previous bad experiences affects our future confidence

Fallacy of overgeneralization/exaggeration

the source is considered who in the communication process

speaker

the message is considered what in the communication process

what is being said

the channel is considered what in the communication process

speaking face to face, broadcasting, texting, phone calls

the feedback is considered what in the communication process

what you’re sending to the speaker, facial expressions, verbal expressions, and unintentional

the collection of beliefs, attitudes, and assumptions that a person brings to their interpretation of reality

preunderstanding

mental shortcut that leads to unintentional judgments about people based on their background, characteristics, or appearance.

unconscious bias

the act of applying a fixed or oversimplified idea, image, or assumption about a particular group of people to all its members, often based on limited information and leading to inaccurate judgments and unfair treatment

stereotyping

 involves paying close attention to, and making sense of, what we hear

listening

the physiological process of vibrating waves on our eardrums to the brain

hearing

listening for enjoyment (ex: music, entertainment)

Appreciative listening

an example of Appreciative listening

music, entertainment

listening to provide emotional support; relational

Empathetic listening

an example of Empathetic listening

a friend sharing their story

listening to understand a message; task-oriented

Comprehensive listening

an example of Comprehensive listening

lecture; directions

listening to evaluate a message for purposes of accepting or rejecting it

Critical listening

an example of Critical listening

political speech; sales pitch

What is logos in speeches

facts/content

What is pathos in speeches

delivery

What is ethos in speeches

credibility, sources, believable/trustworthy

We understand speech rates up to 600 words/minute; The average person speaks 100-140

Dilemma of rapid thought

types of noise

Environmental, Physiological, Psychological

loud music, quiet speaker, thick accent

enviromental noise

physical hearing disorder, illness, hungry, tired

Physiological noise

egotism, defensiveness, bias, anxiety

Psychological noise

“to inform” or “to persuade”

General purpose

“to inform my audience about the top 3 highest-grossing shoe brands” or “to persuade my audience to agree school uniforms should be required in all public schools”

Specific purpose

parts in the introduction

attention step, thesis, and preview

quote, anecdote, statistic, question to the audience, hypothetical “imagine if” statement

attention step

Central idea; your “Whats the Point: statement

thesis

List your 3 Main points in one sentence after your thesis

preview

includes your 3 main points

body

Strategic order of informative main points

Chronologically, spatially, topically, geographically

Strategic order of persuasive Main points

• Problem-solution, Problem-cause-solution, Monroes motivated sequence

what is included in your conlusion

review, last thought

List your three main points in one sentence in your conlusion

review

Final statement you offer your audience. Make it memorable

last thought