Progressivism Vocab 4.1-4.4

Progressivism

A social movement that tried to fix many of the social problems brought about by industrialization, urbanization and immigration.

Muckrakers

Journalists during the progressive movement who dramatized the need for reform and brought the problems of the nation to American households.

Direct Primary

An election in which citizens themselves vote to select nominees for upcoming elections.

Initiative

Gives people the power to put a proposed new law directly on the ballot in the next election by collecting citizens' signatures on a petition.

Referendum

This allows citizens to approve or reject laws passed by a legislature.

Recall

This gives voters the power to remove public servants from office before their terms ended.

17th Amendment

This act passed in 1913 instituted the direct election of senators by the people of each state.

Temperance Movement

Was a movement founded by women that promoted the idea of never drinking alcohol.

18th Amendment

Passed in 1919 this Amendment banned the making, selling and transporting of alcoholic beverages.

Suffrage

The right to vote.

19th Amendment

This amendment went into effect in 1920 which gave women the right to vote.

NAACP

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People which was a political organization that was created in 1909 to that aimed to help African Americans.

Square Deal

The reform program implemented by President Theodore Roosevelt whose goal was to keep the wealthy and powerful from taking advantage of small business and the poor.

Hepburn Act

An act passed by Congress in 1906 that gave the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) the power to set and limit shipping costs. The act also set maximum prices for ferries, bridge tolls, and oil pipelines.

Meat Inspection Act

In response to the book "The Jungle" by Upton Sinclair, Congress passed an act in 1906, which allows federal agents to inspect any meat sold across state lines and requires federal inspections of meat processing plants.

Pure Food and Drug Act

Was an act passed by Congress that allows the federal government to monitor companies to make sure people are not hurt by dangerous substances or dishonest labels.

Progressive Party

A third party created by Teddy Roosevelt after he had already served two terms but was unhappy with republican President Howard Taft's relaxed policies with big business.

16th Amendment

An Amendment passed in 1913 which gave the federal government the power to enact a progressive or graduated income tax.

Federal Reserve Act

This act passed in 1913 created a National Bank which allowed the Federal government to control interest rates and the money supply.

Clayton Antitrust Act

Passed in 1914 this act strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act by spelling out specific activities businesses could do.