APHG Units 1 and 2 Exam Review

The frequent repetition of an act, to the extent that it becomes characteristic of an entire group of people is

custom

The use of a horse and buggy by the Amish in the US is an example of a

folk custom

Popular customs are more likely than folk customs to

rapidly diffuse through modern communication systems

Popular customs most frequently originate in

relatively developed countries

Geographers sometimes refer to the cultural landscape as a "built environment". Which of the following sociological terms-used to describe culture-is closest in meaning to "built environment"?

artifacts

Most people in the developed world who still practice folk customs despite familiarity with popular customs do so primarily because of

strong desire to preserve unique customs

During the process of assimilation, what happens to the folk culture of the group which is being assimilated?

it disappears as the dominant popular culture replaces it

The place or area where cultural practice originates is known as

hearth

The idea that cultures will modify the natural landscape to fit their needs is known as

cultural landscape

According to Jillian Ross, identity

how we make sense of ourselves

Balkanization, as a process, refers to

the breakdown of a state due to conflicts among nationalities

Regional variation in appearance of humans in clustered population probably results from the

long history of adaptation to different environments

In large cities, people with the same culture often live in segregated areas called

ethnic enclaves

Asian Americans are clustered in

the western US

The process when a group forcibly removes another group is best described as

ethnic cleansing

Acculturation is when a minority culture

has adopted some traits of the host culture

The difference between an accultured group and an assimilated group is

an accultured group has adopted some traits whereas an assimilated has adopted all traits

What process contributes to the existence and growth of ethnic enclaves in urban areas?

chain migration

The largest minority group in the US is

Hispanics

African-Americans predominately live in the

the South and northern cities

What is the term for a group of people who identify with their cultural and biological history?

ethnicity

According the Core-Domain-Sphere model

influence of a culture decreases the further one travels from the core

The concept that new technologies shrink functional space between places is called

time-space compression

Which map is the most distorted at high latitudes

Mercator

The type of map that shows areas with statistical values in three to five categories is

choropleth map

A ship's position is given 0 degrees latitude an 27 degrees west long. Where is it?

on the equator

Scale is

the relationship between the length of an object on a map and the feature that it represents on the landscape

All maps contain distortion of one kind or another. Which of the following is not distorted?

elevation

All of the following are true about the International Date Line except

it runs down the middle of the Atlantic Ocean

Approximately, how wide are each time zones

15 degrees

The extent or spread of something over an area is

distribution

Which is not an example of a functional region

area dominated by a particular crop

The concept that the physical environment limits human actions, but that people have the ability to adjust to the environment is

possibilism

A hearth is

a location or region from which a phenomenon originates

The increasing geographic phenomenon of space-time compression has tended to diminish the influence of

distance

Several jazz clubs are opened in Utah by people displaced here after evacuating New Orleans after hurricane Katrina. What type of diffusion is this?

relocation

Which map has the smallest scale?

world

According to the theory of environmental determinism

the physical environment sets limits on human actions

The concept of a mental map is most closely related to

spatial analysis

A system for transferring and converting locations from the round globe to a flat map is

projection

The word's largest concentration of people is located in

East Asia

Which of the following is not among the most populous countries in the world

Argentina

What country is predominately rural in East Asia

Bangladesh

Physiological density is

the number of people per acre of arable land

If the physiological density is much higher than the arithmetic density, then the country probably has

a more difficult time feeding its own people

Most of the world's most densely settled countries are

in the mid-latitudes

Life expectancy is lowest in

Africa

Costa Rica has a lower CDR than Sweden because Costa Rica

has a lower percentage of elderly people

A decline in the country's CBR would result in an increase of

doubling time

The highest NIR are found in countries

in stage 2 of the demographic transition

The lowest CBR are found in

stage 2 of the demographic transition

Rapidly declining CDR are found in

stage 2 of the demographic transition

The percentage of people who are too young or old to work in a society is known as

dependency ratio

In the highest age-cohort of the US population pyramid, the women typically outnumber the men. This indicates a difference in

life expectancies

The ability of a resource base to sustain a population is known as its

carrying capacity

Which of the following events would be considered a migration pull factor?

opening a new factory

An intervening obstacle is an environmental or cultural feature that

inhibits migration

Those most likely to migrate are

young adults

Demographers use the gravity model to predict migration based on what two characteristics?

population and distance

Which of the following does not represent one of the great migrations of early times?

North Americans to Australia

A husband migrates from Mexico to the US and earns enough money to allow his family to come too. This is an example of

chain migration

In which of the following population agglomerations is the most highly urbanized?

North American

The gravity model predicts

the movement of people, goods, and ideas between two locations based on size and distance

All of the following are potential pull factors except

the high cost of land

The most important involuntary movement in history has been that of

West Africans to the new world

Following Ravenstein's theories, geographers believe that people migrate primarily because of

economic pull factors

Transhumance and vacationing are both examples of the geographic principle of

seasonal migration

The United Nations High Commission on Refugees favors

voluntary repatriation

Every migration generates a return migration flow is

counter migration

Which of Ravenstein's laws best reflect the gravity model?

most long distance migrants move to large urban areas

The largest internal migration is history is

the rural to urban migration in China 1970 to present

Which statement best describes settlement patterns of international migrants in large cities?

immigrants settle close to other immigrants of the same culture

The process of migrants moving to a specific location because relatives or members of the same culture have already migrated and settled there is known as

chain migration

A population agglomeration is emerging in Africa focused on

Nigeria and the coastal West Africa