Muscle Regions Flashcards

Temporalis

Temporalis

Origin: Temporal bone; Insertion: Mandible; Action: Elevate, retract mandible

Masseter

Origin: Zygomatic arch; Insertion: Mandible; Action: Elevate, protract mandible

Frontalis

Origin: Galea aponeurotica; Insertion: Skin of eyebrows; Action: Elevate eyebrows

Buccinator

Origin: Maxilla, mandible; Insertion: Orbicularis oris; Action: Compress cheeks, assist in mastication

Orbicularis Oculi

Origin: Frontal and maxillary bones; Insertion: Skin around the eyes; Action: Close eyes (squint, blink)

Orbicularis Oris

Origin: Maxilla, mandible; Insertion: Skin around lips; Action: Close, protrude lips

Deltoid

Origin: Clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula; Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity; Action: Abduct arm

Supraspinatus

Origin: Supraspinous fossa; Insertion: Superior part of greater tubercle; Action: Abduct arm

Infraspinatus

Origin: Infraspinous fossa; Insertion: Middle part of greater tubercle; Action: Laterally rotate arm

Subscapularis

Origin: Subscapular fossa; Insertion: Lesser tubercle; Action: Medially rotate arm

Teres Minor

Origin: Lateral border of scapula; Insertion: Greater tubercle; Action: Laterally rotate arm

Teres Major

Origin: Inferior angle of scapula; Insertion: Inferior part of greater tubercle; Action: Adduct, medially rotate arm

Triceps Brachii

Origin: Long head - Infraglenoid tubercle; Insertion: Olecranon process; Action: Extend forearm

Brachioradialis

Origin: Lateral condyle of humerus; Insertion: Styloid process of radius; Action: Flex forearm; supinate radius

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus; Insertion: Base of second metacarpal; Action: Extend, abduct wrist

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus; Insertion: Base of third metacarpal; Action: Extend, abduct wrist

Extensor Digitorum

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus; Insertion: Extensor expansions of digits 2-5; Action: Extend fingers

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus; Insertion: Base of fifth metacarpal; Action: Extend, adduct wrist

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin: Humeral head - medial epicondyle; Ulnar head - olecranon and posterior border of ulna; Insertion: Pisiform, hook of hamate, base of fifth metacarpal; Action: Flex, adduct wrist

Palmaris Longus

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus; Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis; Action: Flex forearm

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus; Insertion: Base of second and third metacarpals; Action: Flex, abduct wrist

Rectus Femoris

Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine, acetabulum; Insertion: Patella, tibial tuberosity; Action: Extend leg; flex thigh

Vastus Lateralis

Origin: Greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line; Insertion: Patella, tibial tuberosity; Action: Extend leg

Vastus Medialis

Origin: Linea aspera; Insertion: Patella, tibial tuberosity; Action: Extend leg

Vastus Intermedius

Origin: Anterior and lateral diaphysis of femur; Insertion: Patella, tibial tuberosity; Action: Extend leg

Sartorius

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine; Insertion: Medial surface of tibia (pes anserinus); Action: Flex thigh; medially rotate leg

Gracilis

Origin: Inferior pubic ramus; Insertion: Medial surface of tibia (pes anserinus); Action: Adduct thigh; flex leg

Pectineus

Origin: Superior ramus of pubis; Insertion: Pectineal line of femur; Action: Adduct, flex thigh

Adductor Longus

Origin: Pubic body; Insertion: Linea aspera; Action: Adduct, flex thigh

Adductor Brevis

Origin: Pubic body; Insertion: Linea aspera; Action: Adduct, flex thigh

Adductor Magnus

Origin: Inferior pubic and ischial rami; Insertion: Linea aspera, adductor tubercle; Action: Adduct, flex thigh

Plantaris

Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur; Insertion: Calcaneus; Action: Flex leg; plantar flex foot

Popliteus

Origin: Posterior tibia; Insertion: Lateral condyle of femur; Action: Medially rotate tibia (unlock knee)

Gastrocnemius

Origin: Medial and lateral condyles of femur; Insertion: Calcaneus via Achilles tendon; Action: Plantar flex foot

Soleus

Origin: Proximal tibia, fibula; Insertion: Calcaneus via Achilles tendon; Action: Plantar flex foot

Tibialis Anterior

Origin: Lateral condyle, proximal tibia; Insertion: Base of first metatarsal, medial cuneiform; Action: Dorsiflex, invert foot

Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus

Origin: Head and proximal shaft of fibula; Insertion: First metatarsal, medial cuneiform; Action: Plantar flex foot

Sternocleidomastoid

Origin: Sternum, clavicle; Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone; Action: Flex neck; rotate head to opposite side

Trapezius

Origin: Occipital bone, spinous processes of vertebrae; Insertion: Clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula; Action: Elevate, adduct, stabilize scapula; extend neck

Levator Scapulae

Origin: Transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae; Insertion: Medial border of scapula; Action: Elevate scapula

Rhomboid Major

Origin: Spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae; Insertion: Medial border of scapula; Action: Retract, adduct scapula

Rhomboid Minor

Origin: Spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae; Insertion: Medial border of scapula; Action: Retract, adduct scapula

Latissimus Dorsi

Origin: Spinous processes of lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, iliac crest; Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus; Action: Extend, adduct, medially rotate arm

Pectoralis Major

Origin: Clavicle, sternum, costal cartilage of ribs 1-6; Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus; Action: Flex, adduct, medially rotate arm

Pectoralis Minor

Origin: Ribs 3-5; Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula; Action: Depress, protract scapula

Serratus Anterior

Origin: Ribs 1-8; Insertion: Medial border of scapula; Action: Abduct, protract scapula

Coracobrachialis

Origin: Coracoid process; Insertion: Medial diaphysis of humerus; Action: Flex, adduct, medially rotate arm

Biceps Brachii

Long Head: Origin: Supraglenoid tubercle; Insertion: Radial tuberosity; Action: Flex forearm; supinate radius

Brachialis

Origin: Anterior diaphysis of humerus; Insertion: Coronoid process of ulna; Action: Flex forearm

Diaphragm

Origin: Xiphoid process, ribs, lumbar vertebrae; Insertion: Central tendon; Action: Inhalation

External Intercostals

Origin: Inferior border of ribs; Insertion: Superior border of ribs below; Action: Elevate ribs during inhalation

Internal Intercostals

Origin: Superior border of ribs; Insertion: Inferior border of ribs above; Action: Depress ribs during forced exhalation

Rectus Abdominis

Origin: Pubic symphysis, pubic crest; Insertion: Xiphoid process, costal cartilage of ribs 5-7; Action: Flex vertebral column; compress abdomen

External Obliques

Origin: Ribs 5-12; Insertion: Linea alba, iliac crest; Action: Flex, laterally flex, rotate vertebral column; compress abdomen

Internal Obliques

Origin: Iliac crest, inguinal ligament; Insertion: Linea alba, ribs 10-12; Action: Laterally flex, rotate vertebral column; compress abdomen

Transverse Abdominis

Origin: Iliac crest, inguinal ligament, costal cartilages of ribs 7-12; Insertion: Linea alba; Action: Compress abdomen

Inguinal Ligament

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine; Insertion: Pubic tubercle; Action: Stabilize hip joint

Psoas Major

Origin: Lumbar vertebrae; Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur; Action: Flex thigh; stabilize hip joint

Gluteus Maximus

Origin: Iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx; Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity of femur, iliotibial tract; Action: Extend, laterally rotate, abduct thigh

Gluteus Medius

Origin: External surface of ilium; Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur; Action: Abduct, medially rotate thigh

Biceps Femoris

Long Head: Origin: Ischial tuberosity; Insertion: Head of fibula; Action: Extend thigh; laterally rotate leg

Semitendinosus

Origin: Ischial tuberosity; Insertion: Proximal tibia; Action: Extend thigh; flex leg

Semimembranosus

Origin: Ischial tuberosity; Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia; Action: Extend thigh; flex leg