A.P. U.S. History Notes Chapter 11: The Triumphs and Travails of Jeffersonian Democracy

These flashcards cover key concepts from A.P. U.S. History Chapter 11, focusing on the events, policies, and implications of Jeffersonian Democracy during 1800 to 1812.

What was the outcome of the 1800 election between Jefferson and Adams?

Jefferson won with 73 electoral votes to Adams' 65, but tied with Aaron Burr.

What was the significance of the Jeffersonian 'Revolution of 1800'?

It represented a peaceful transfer of power from Federalists to Democrats.

Who was the last Federalist president and what was the impact on the party?

Adams was the last Federalist president, and the party weakened significantly.

What was Jefferson's stance on Federalist policies after taking office?

Jefferson absorbed major Federalist programs but removed some, such as the excise tax.

What was the Judiciary Act of 1801 and its implications?

It created new judgeships allowing Federalists to maintain influence even after losing power.

What was the key ruling in Marbury v. Madison (1803)?

It established the principle of judicial review, allowing the Supreme Court to determine the constitutionality of laws.

How did Jefferson respond to piracy during his presidency?

He sent the U.S. Navy to fight against the Barbary pirates, leading to conflict.

What triggered the Louisiana Purchase negotiations in 1803?

Napoleon offered all of Louisiana for $15 million after Spain withdrew the right of deposit for American goods.

What constitutional dilemma did Jefferson face regarding the Louisiana Purchase?

The Constitution did not explicitly allow for purchasing new land.

What was Jefferson's legacy regarding his presidency and term limits?

He did not seek a third term, establishing a precedent for future presidents.

What was Macon's Bill No. 2, and why was it significant?

It allowed world trade and aimed to coerce France and Britain to respect U.S. shipping rights.

Who were Tecumseh and the Prophet, and what was their aim?

They were Shawnee leaders who urged Native Americans to resist land cession and white settlement.

What were the main causes of the War of 1812?

British impressments of American sailors and the desire to expand into Canada.

How did the U.S. military perform in the War of 1812?

The U.S. military was ill-trained and poorly organized, leading to a lackluster war effort.

What was the significance of the Battle of New Orleans in the War of 1812?

Fought after the Treaty of Ghent was signed, it boosted American morale and solidified Andrew Jackson's reputation.

What was the main outcome of the Treaty of Ghent (1814)?

It formally ended the War of 1812, essentially restoring pre-war boundaries and conditions (status quo ante bellum).

What was the Hartford Convention (1814-1815), and what was its impact?

A meeting of Federalist delegates who opposed the War of 1812, leading to the party's eventual decline due to perceived disloyalty.

How did the War of 1812 impact American nationalism and manufacturing?

It fostered a sense of national unity and encouraged the growth of domestic manufacturing due to trade disruptions.

What was the primary purpose of the Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806)?

To explore the newly acquired Louisiana Purchase, gather scientific data, and establish trade relations with Native American tribes.

What were the Orders in Council (British) and Berlin/Milan Decrees (French)?

Trade regulations issued by Britain and France that severely restricted neutral shipping, leading to seizures of American vessels and impressment.