Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, and nitrogen.
New cards
29
1.B. What properties of carbon explain carbon's ability to different large and complex structures?
Carbon can bond to itself, has 4 valence electrons, causing strong covalent bonds to occur between carbon and another element.
New cards
30
2.A. Name four groups of organic compounds found in living things.
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
New cards
31
2.B. Describe at least one function of each group of organic compound.
Carbohydrates: main source of energy for plants and animals; proteins: regulation of cellular transportation of materials, cellular processes, formation of structures, and anti-bodies; lipids: storage of energy; storage or transmission of genetic information.
New cards
32
2.C. Why are proteins considered polymers but lipids not?
Proteins have long chains of monomers, but lipids do NOT made up of components that make up a chain.
New cards
33
3.A. What atoms constitute the compound above?
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
New cards
34
3.B. What class of macromolecule does the compound belong to?
Carbohydrates
New cards
35
dehydration synthesis
forms polymers and a water molecule
New cards
36
hydrolysis
Divides a polymer into monomers through the addition of water
New cards
37
Where do macromolecules get energy?
macromolecules get energy from bonds
New cards
38
polymer
result of many monomers linking together (protein or peptide and amino acids or polypeptide)
New cards
39
What makes up proteins?
polymers made of amino acids (50-500 chains long)
New cards
40
amino acid is also known as a...?
peptide or protein
New cards
41
What are nucleic acids made up of?
hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus
New cards
42
monomer
single molecule; small chemical unit that makes up a polymer
New cards
43
2 monosaccharides
disaccharide
New cards
44
Key ideas
-All macromolecules are formed through dehydration synthesis
New cards
45
-all covalent bonds
New cards
46
-water breaks bonds and gives off energy through hydrolysis
New cards
47
hydrolysis
Requires water and releases energy
New cards
48
Taking molecules apart
New cards
49
Which is the only macromolecule that isn't a polymer
Studied by 0 people
