Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, and nitrogen.
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1.B. What properties of carbon explain carbon's ability to different large and complex structures?
Carbon can bond to itself, has 4 valence electrons, causing strong covalent bonds to occur between carbon and another element.
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2.A. Name four groups of organic compounds found in living things.
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
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2.B. Describe at least one function of each group of organic compound.
Carbohydrates: main source of energy for plants and animals; proteins: regulation of cellular transportation of materials, cellular processes, formation of structures, and anti-bodies; lipids: storage of energy; storage or transmission of genetic information.
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2.C. Why are proteins considered polymers but lipids not?
Proteins have long chains of monomers, but lipids do NOT made up of components that make up a chain.
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3.A. What atoms constitute the compound above?
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
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3.B. What class of macromolecule does the compound belong to?
Carbohydrates
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dehydration synthesis
forms polymers and a water molecule
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hydrolysis
Divides a polymer into monomers through the addition of water
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Where do macromolecules get energy?
macromolecules get energy from bonds
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polymer
result of many monomers linking together (protein or peptide and amino acids or polypeptide)
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What makes up proteins?
polymers made of amino acids (50-500 chains long)
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amino acid is also known as a...?
peptide or protein
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What are nucleic acids made up of?
hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus
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monomer
single molecule; small chemical unit that makes up a polymer
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2 monosaccharides
disaccharide
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Key ideas
-All macromolecules are formed through dehydration synthesis
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-all covalent bonds
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-water breaks bonds and gives off energy through hydrolysis
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hydrolysis
Requires water and releases energy
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Taking molecules apart
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Which is the only macromolecule that isn't a polymer
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