BIO QUIZ CAM C3 C4 ETC

What is the "Catch 22" with a plant?

If the Stoma is open, it can lose water that is needed for light reactions to make ATP If the Stoma is closed, the plant can't get CO2 needed for the Calvin Cycle to make glucose and the plant will die

Photosynthesis Equation

6CO2 + 12H2O --sun--> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

Respiration Equation

6O2 + C6H12O6 ----> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

What are three products of light reactions?

Oxygen, ATP, NADPH

What are two products of the Calvin Cycle?

Water & Glucose

What is glycolysis?

the process that breaks down glucose into pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH

In which organelle does photosynthesis occur?

Chloroplast

In which organelle does respiration occur?

Mitochondria

How much ATP do humans need?

36-38

What type of plant is the majority seen in Petoskey?

C-3

Give Examples of each plant type in Michigan (C-3, C-4, CAM)

C-3 wheat, oak tree, oats; C-4 corn; CAM prickly pear cactus

Advantage of C-3 plants

Do well with lots of CO2 and H2O

Advantage of C-4 plants

Do well when low CO2; no photorespiration

Advantage of CAM plants

Do well with low H2O

Disadvantage of C-3 plants

If low CO2, photorespiration occurs which burns up and wastes ATP Needs lots of H2O

Disadvantage of C-4 plants

Needs water CO2 pump costs ATP to run supercharger

Disadvantage of CAM plants

Can't compete with other plants when lots of CO2 & H2O - grows slow

What is photorespiration? Is it good or bad?

Photorespiration is a metabolic pathway where the enzyme Rubisco mistakenly binds oxygen instead of carbon dioxide, making photosynthesis inefficient by releasing already-fixed carbon and consuming energy. It is generally considered "bad" for plants because it reduces photosynthetic efficiency and plant growth, especially in hot, dry conditions

What is NAD⁺ and what does it do?

NAD⁺ is a coenzyme made from vitamin B₃ that carries electrons in cells to help produce ATP - allows glycolysis to keep going

What is NADH and what does it do?

NADH is coenzyme that carries protons and electrons and donates electrons to make ATP during cellular respiration - battery!

What is FAD and what does it do?

FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) is a coenzyme that carries electrons during metabolism to help make ATP

What is FADH₂ and what does it do?

FADH₂ is the reduced form of FAD that donates electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP production

What is pyruvate and what does it do?

Pyruvate is a three-carbon molecule made from glucose during glycolysis; it's used to produce energy in the mitochondria.

2H+ = ___ATP

1 ATP

6H+ = 1 NADH = ___ATP

3 ATP

4H+ = 1 FADH2 = ___ATP

2 ATP

ATP Made from 2 Proteins and 1 Lipid?

= 152 ATP

ATP made from 1 molecule of glucose?

= 38 ATP

ATP made from 1 amino acid molecule?

15 ATP…?

ATP made from 1 lipid (fat) molecule?

117 ATP