Normal Fetal Brain Anatomy

Ectoderm

What does the CNS develop from

5 weeks LMP

When does the CNS start developing

Middle

Where does the neural tube start to close

Day 38 LMP

When does the cranial end of the neural tube close

Day 40 LMP

When does the caudal end of the neural tube close

End of 6th week

When does the neural tube differentiate into 3 primary vesicles

Prosenchephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon

What 3 primary vesicles does the neural tube differentiate into

Prosenchephalon

What is 1

Mesenchephalon

What is 2

Rhombencephalon

What is 3

Spinal cord

What is 4

Forebrain

What is Prosenchephalon also known as

Midbrain

What is mesencephalon also known as

Hindbrain

What is rhombencephalon also known as

Rostral end

What end of the neural tube differentiates into the 3 vesicles

Telencephalon and diencephalon

What does the prosencephalon divide into?

Cerebral hemispheres

What does the telencephalon become

Thalmus and hypothalamus

What does the diencephalon become

Learned behaviour and personality

What is the cerebrum in control of

Frontal lobes, parietal lobes, temporal lobes, occipital lobes, insula lobes (2 of each)

What are the 10 lobes in the cerebrum

Personality, voluntary motion

What does the frontal lobes do

Peripheral sensory

What are the parietal lobes in control of

Smell, taste, hearing

What are the temporal lobes in control of

Vision

What are the occipital lobes in control of

Motor and sensory function of organs

What are the insula in control of

Frontal lobe

What is 1

Parietal lobe

What is 2

Occipital lobe

What is 3

Temporal lobe

What is 4

Insula

What is 1

Thalamus

What does the diencephalon become

Grey matter

What matter is the thalamus made up of

Main relay center for sensory impulses

What is the purpose of the thalamus

Massa intermedia

What connects the Thalmus to the 3rd ventricle

Posterior

What is the thalamus to the CSP

Thalamus

What is 1

Midbrain

What does the mesencephalon become

Mesencephalon

What is the smallest portion of the brain

Cerebral peduncles

What does the midbrain create

Aqueduct of Sylvius

What is the midbrain anterior to

Superior, middle, inferior

What are the three cerebellar peduncles?

Thalamus

What does the cerbral aqueducts look similar to

If cerebellum is in the image then is is the cerbral penduncles

How can you tell if you are seeing the thalamus or the cerebral peduncles

Cerebral peduncles

What are the arrows pointing to

Thalamus

What is 1

Cerebellar penducles

What is 2

Hindbrain

What is the reombencephalon

Mesencephalon and myelencephalon

What does the rhombencephalon divide into

Cerebellum and pons

what is the metencephalon become?

Midbrain and medulla oblongata

What is the pons located between

Cerebrum to cerebellum

What does the pons connect

Bridge

What does pons mean (which explains what it does)

Medulla oblongata

What is the myelencephalon become

Pons to the spinal cord

What does the medulla oblongata extend from

HR, respiratory rhythm, BP

What does the medulla oblongata regulate

Pons

What is 1

Medulla oblongata

What is 2

Rhombencephalon

What is the 1st neural structure we seen on ultrasound in the 1st trimester

Cerebellum

What is the rhombencephalon

Posterior

What is the cerebellum to the pon and medulla oblongata

Cerebellar vermis and Falx cerebelli

What is the cerebellum separated by

Coordination of movement

What does the cerebellum do?

Hyperechoic

How does the cerebellar vermis appear on ultrasound

Vermis

What is 1

Prosencephalon

What is 1

Mesenchaphalon

What is 2

Rhombencephalon

What is 3

CSF and choroid plexus

What do all ventricles contain

Foramen of monro

What is 1

Third ventricle

What is 2

Cerebral aqueduct

What is 3

Fourth ventricle

What is 4

Foramen of luschka

What is 5

Foramen of magendie

What is 6

Lateral ventricles

What is 1

Interventricular foramen

What is 2

Lateral ventricles, foramen of monro, 3rd ventricle, aqueduct of sylvius, 4th ventricle, foramen of magendie, spinal cord

List the flow through the ventricles in order from start to end

Third ventricle

What is 3

Cerebral aqueduct

What is 4

Trigone

What is 1

Fourth ventricle

What is 5

Magendie and luschka

What 2 foramen are found in the 4 ventricle

Medial aspect

Where on the 4th ventricle is foremen of magendie found

Cerbral aqueduct

What is the aqueduct of sylvius also known as

Interventricular foramen

What is the foramen of Munro also know as

Lateral aspect

Where on the 4th ventricle is foramen of luschka found

Spinal cord

What does the foramen of magendie connect to

Communicates with the meninges of the brain

What does the two foramen of luschka do

Median aperature

What is the foramen of magendi also known as

Lateral aperture

What is the foramen of luschka also known as

Anterior, posterior, and inferior or frontal, occipital, and temporal

What are the three horns of the lateral ventricles

No

Is there any choroid plexuses located anterior to the foramen of Monroe in the frontal horn

Anterior horn

What is the frontal horn also known as

Posterior

What is the occipital horn also known as

Inferior

What is the temporal horn also known as

Trigone or atria

What is the junction of the body, occipital, and to temporal horns of the lateral ventricles called

Thin

Is the 3rd ventricle thin or thick

True

T/F: because the 3rd ventricle is thin you can't really see it on ultrasound

Between thalami and inferior to corpus callosum

Where is the 3rd ventricle located

Foramen of monro or interventricular foramen

What foramen doing the 3rd ventricle communicate with the lateral ventricles