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A layer of software between applications and the operating system that enables communication and connectivity in a distributed system.
An operating system that allows communication based on files and provides network transparency.
The ability of a system to continue functioning properly in the presence of faults or errors.
The ability of an operating system to run multiple applications simultaneously.
The ability of an application to perform multiple operations at the same time.
The ability of multiple processes or threads to run concurrently.
A sequence of instructions that runs concurrently with other threads in a program.
An application that uses multiple threads to perform tasks concurrently.
A component of the operating system that manages the creation and execution ofthreads.
A component of the operating system that manages the allocation and deallocation of memory.
The coordination of multiple threads to ensure proper execution and avoid conflicts.
The exchange of data or messages between threads.
A method of creating a thread by extending the Thread class and overriding the run()method.
A method of creating a thread by implementing the Runnable interface and overriding the run() method.
The different states and transitions a thread goes through during its execution.
The process of selecting a thread to run by the operating system.
A blueprint or template for creating objects in object-oriented programming.
The method in a thread class that contains the code to be executed when the thread is started.
First-Come-First-Serve policy, where threads are served in the order they arrive.
A keyword in Java used to control access to shared resources by allowing only one thread to execute a synchronized method at a time.
Resources that are accessed by multiple threads and need to be coordinated to prevent inconsistent states.
A state where the data accessed by multiple threads is not synchronized, leading to incorrect or unpredictable results.
An architecture for multithreaded servers where a fixed pool of worker threads is created to process requests.
An architecture where a new thread is allocated for each incoming request and disposed of after the request is complete.
An architecture where a thread is allocated for each client TCP connection and used for all requests arriving over that connection.
Different approaches to managing threads in a server to handle multiple requests concurrently.
An architecture where each object in the server has its own thread of execution, allowing multiple requests to be processed concurrently as long as they are using different objects.
The creation and destruction of threads, which can lead to inefficiencies in server performance.
Challenges that arise when multiple threads are accessing and manipulating shared resources simultaneously.
A method used to control access to shared resources by allowing only one thread to access the resource at a time.
A situation where two or more threads are blocked indefinitely, waiting for each other to release a resource.
An architecture where a fixed number of threads are created and shared among multiple requests, improving efficiency by reusing threads.
An architecture where each request is assigned its own thread, allowing for parallel processing of requests.
An architecture where each TCP connection is assigned its own thread, allowing for parallel processing of requests within the same connection.
The process of coordinating the access and manipulation of shared resources by multiple threads to avoid conflicts and ensure data consistency.
A design principle in operating systems that allows for flexibility by separating the implementation details (mechanisms) from the decision-making rules (policies).
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