General Terms APES

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organic vs inorganic

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from summer assignment

35 Terms

1

organic vs inorganic

organic: derived from living organisms (carbon-hydrogen covalent bonds)

inorganic: derived from nonliving components (ionic bonds, rarely contain carbon atoms)

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2

natural vs synthetic

natural: materials found in nature

synthetic: man made materials

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3

kinetic vs potential energy

kinetic: energy associated with motion

potential: energy stored due to position

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4

radioactive decay

emission of energy in the form of ionizing radiation (can affect atoms of living things)

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5

half life

amount of time it takes 1/2 of the atoms present to decay

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6

consumers/heterotrophs

an organism that cannot produce its own food; must eat other plants/animals to get energy

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7

decomposers

an organism that decomposes organic material (soil bacterium, fungus, invertebrate)

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8

photosynthesis

process of plants using sunlight to synthesize foods from CO2 and H2O

reactants and products in image

<p>process of plants using sunlight to synthesize foods from CO2 and H2O</p><p><em>reactants and products in image</em></p>
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9

cellular respiration

series of chemical reactions that break down glucose to produce ATP

reactants and products in image

<p>series of chemical reactions that break down glucose to produce ATP</p><p><em>reactants and products in image</em></p>
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10

aerobic vs anaerobic

aerobic: needs oxygen to occur

anaerobic: does NOT need oxygen to occur

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11

law of conservation of matter

matter is neither created nor destroyed

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12

1st law of thermodynamics

energy in a closed system is neither lost nor gained

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13

2nd law of thermodynamics

entropy constantly increases in a closed system

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14

entropy

a measure of randomness or disorder of a system

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15

organism

an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form

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16

adaptation

the process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment

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17

mutation

the changing of structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations

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18

gene

the basic physical and functional unit of heredity; made up of DNA

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19

trait

a specific characteristic of an individual

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20

chromosome

found in the nucleus of most living cells, carry genetic information in the form of genes

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21

gene pool

the stock of different genes in an interbreeding population

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22

natural selection

a mechanism of evolution;

organisms that adapt are more likely to survive and pass on genes that aided their success

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23

species

a class of things of the same kind and with the same name

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24

population

a group of individuals of the same species living and interbreeding

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25

community

an interacting group of various species in a common location

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26

ecosystem

a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment

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27

producers/autotrophs

an organism that can produce its own food using light, water, CO2

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28

biodiversity

the variety of life in the world or in a pr

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29

extinction

the dying out or extermination of a species

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30

plate tectonics

major landforms are created as a result of Earth’s subterranean movements (mountains, volcanoes, earthquakes)

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31

weathering

the process of wearing or being worn by long exposure to the atmosphere

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32

climate change

produces more weather extremes

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33

rocks vs minerals

rocks: generally made up of two or more minerals

mineral: a naturally occurring substance with distinctive chemical and physical properties, composition and atomic structure

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34

climate vs weather

climate: the average weather conditions in a place

weather: a specific event that happens over a few hours

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35
<p>full name of each of these chemical abbreviations</p>

full name of each of these chemical abbreviations

carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, glucose, methane, hydrogen, water, nitrogen, nitrogen oxides?, nitrate, ammonia, oxygen, ozone, phosphorus, phosphate, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, chlorine, potassium, salt, lead, mercury, radon, uranium

<p>carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, glucose, methane, hydrogen, water, nitrogen, nitrogen oxides?, nitrate, ammonia, oxygen, ozone, phosphorus, phosphate, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, chlorine, potassium, salt, lead, mercury, radon, uranium</p>
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