Apush Unit 3

(vocab, people, concpets, and random questions)

Empress of China

Empress of China

trading ship that went to china

• significance: before US couldnt trade with any other coutries under British rule

Articles Of Condeferation

US first government

• shown to French in 1777 to show that we has sopme type of government int he making

• all 13 ratified in 1778

Old Northwest

land to the west of Ohio, and east of Missipi

Land Ordiance of 1785

Old Northwest land was to be carefully measured and split and divied

Northwest Ordiance 1787

rules on governing the Old Northwest

• 2 levels of state ship

  • 600k ppl to qualify for state

• slavery baned in new states

Shay’s Rebellion

Daniel Shay (a vet), leds a rebellion bc

• they were in debt and couldn’t pay back, so gov took their land away (take land away how are the gonna make money to pay back)

• Mobocracy- ppl power

Annapolis Convention

a meeting where they decided to meet again in a year if things didn’t get better with he A of C

Philedelphia Convention (Constitutional Convention)

met to “fix the articles”, ened up making the constitution

• “getting hot in Philly , but cooling power of compromise”

  • Representation?

  • Counting Slaves?

  • Sovereignty?

• 12/13 showed no “Rouge Island'“

• Doubly distilled Batch of man (Eastern Elites) (Demigods)

Large Sate Plan

Small State Plan

Large—> rep. based on size/population

Small—> rep. equal across all states

The Great Comp.

equal rep in Senate

rep. based on pop. in Congress

3/5 Comp.

north vs South, on counting slaves?

• 1 slave = 3/5 of a vote

fedralist

wanted a stong central goverment

• ex. Washignton, Hamilton, Franklin

  • generally—> wealthy, eastern elites, educated, organized

Anti-fed

more power to the states

• ex. Jefferson, Samuel Adams, Patrick Henry

• genraly—> lower class, uneducated, un-organized

Constitution

US gov after AofC

• no more mobocracy

• Republic—> rep. deomc.

• Fedralisim—> shared soveirngty

• sepration of Powers—> 3 branch

• checks and balnces

• Bill of Rights

What Changed from Articles of Confederation to the Constitution?

No more Mobocracy

stronger central gov

diffrences between anti-fed and fed?

anti-fed: lower class, uneducated, un organized

fed: E.E., educated, organized, educated

Good and bad abt the Articles?

did what it was designed to do, could only solve nation problems, 9/13 for action + 13/13 of amending

• problems it couldnt solve

  • British- not leaving forts

  • Spanish- closing missipi

  • France- debt from rev. war

  • pirates

Bill of rights

first 10 amendments in Constitution

• safegaurded Americans rights, and core principals

  • (religion, speech, press, bear arms, due process of jury, right to assmeble and pettion)

Judiciary Act of 1789

set up US court system

Hamiltons Financial Plan

• assumption- gov would take on all debt

• fudning at par- pay back at face value

• National Banl- set up bank to build credit also to store gov moeny

• Excise tax- earn money

• Protective Tarrif- protected Us encomy from British dumping goods

Whiskey Rebellion

• Uprising of whiskey farmers in the south

• Quickly stopped by Washington and troops

• Showed the government new power

  • controversial: “a sledgehammer squashing a gnat”

• no mobocracy

Reign of Terror

Time in France when the leaders became crazy and chopped everyone’s heads off, were also heading intoa war with British

• washinton what a mess they were

  • power struggle

  • political and economically messy

Neutrality Proclamation 1793

George Washignton saying that US werent gonna get invloved with the war between French and British, depite French treaty

• Sets a precedent that the U.S won’t get involved in European affairs

Battle of Fallen Timbers

The final battle in the war between natives and Americans for control over northwest territory

Treaty of Greenville 1795

Natives give up most of Old Northwest land for:

• $20K

• recognition of sovereignty

• right to hunt land

Genet Affair

• french guy didnt get the point of Neutrality proc.

• got kicked out US

Jay’s Treaty

a rlly badly delegated treaty in favor of British (JJ from US)

• to stop British from damaging US ships and move out of forts

• said they would but that dosent happen

Pickenty’s treaty 1795

w/ spain, granted US virtually everythign the wanted

• reopened Misissipi

Washingtons Farewell Adress

• dont make parties

• dont get invloved in Old World affairs

• dont make forever treaties

• dont be dumb :)

Election of 1796

• Jefferson vs John Adams

• Adam wins

  • has to deal with french

  • Jays shitty treaty still having effects

• dosent live up to Washignton (Washington is goat)

XYZ Affair

US reps are tol that they have to pay ¼ mil just to talk to French reps

• slap in the face to US

Quasi War w/ French

US v French undeclared war

• naval war

Convention of 1800

French and US peace, another badly delgated treaty

• US had to pay the damages the French caused

• also end the Franco-American peace treaty form the rev (bc it was rlly stiupid)

Alien and Sedition Acts

alein: made harder to become US citizen (keeping imgrants from voting, less votes for ant-feds mwahah Adams is evil)

Sedition: took away freedom of press, speech couldnt write slander abt gov

• Ppl thought the JA was becoming a king (BOOOOO!)

Virgina and Kentucky Resolution

a formulation of state sovereignty over national government (compact theory), implications were harsher than intended to tho

What is Compact Theroy, and Nulification

• The Constitution/government only exists bc states agreed to make it therefore

  • National gov shouldn’t have more power than states, and states should be able to nullify

    • nullification: states can reject any laws subjected on them by nat. gov

George Washignton compare to John Adams?

GW: brown suite, “Mr President” not “Ur highness”

JA: aristocratic, “ur highness”, king like

Geroge’s Cabniet?

• Hamilton: Sec. of Treasury

• Jeff: Sec. of State

• Henry Knox: Sec. of War

• Edmond Randolph: attorney general

election of 1800

Thomas Jefferson wins (against Burr)

• first anti-fed president

• very strict interpretation of Constitution

• 3/5 comp. helped him win bc south liked him

• a “revolution”

federalism

Shared soveierngrty

Naturalization Law 1802

imigration laws back to norm (reverse alien laws)

Judiciary Act of 1801

sets up new court system

• fed apointed judges (repub.-democ. apeal)

• Adam’s last hurrah (repub. demo fix later on when Jeff in power)

Democratic Republic Party

kinda same as anti feds, fromed around election of 1800ish

• ex. thomas, madison

John Marshall

served 34 years as Supreme court judge

• set supreme court as final say on; Constitutional yes or no?

• set legal tradition for the future

Marbury vs Madision

most Important supreme court case

• Marbury(midnight judge) who sues the gov

  • midnight judge- Adam appointed life long judges Jeff got rid tho

• John Marshall sides with James Madison

  • states have to listen to feral gov.

Louisiana Purchase 1803

Thomas Jefferson bought a large portion of now US land, with $15 million

• ex. of Jeff flexing fedral muscle bc he uses elastic clause

Corps of discovery

Lewis+Clark exploration (dosent rlly matter)

Orders of Council 1806

British ordered a blockade of all French ports including ones located in US

• harmed US trade even tho US had nothing to do with their beef

Tripolitan War

pirates kept attacking our ships, we payed them to stop

Impressement

forced enlistment of sailors who ship were captured by other countries (cough cough British cough cough)

Chesapeake Affair 1807

British sip accused Us ship of hiding 4 traitors (US wasn’t) and to give them up

• US refused British (WARSHIP) fires as US (FRIAGATE) ship

• 3 dead, and 18 injured Americans

Embargo Act 1807

US stoped trade with everyone in order to try and get them to stop

• (US supplied raw materials to both that the both needed)

didn’t rlly work bc US economy suffered from not trading, before it even effects the others

Non-Intercourse Act

reopened for trade w/ both french and British

Macon’s Bill No.2

offered to both French and British that if the agreed to leave them out of it then embargo would only be placed ont he other country

• French agrees and US embargo is put onto British

12th Congress

“war hawks” wanted to go to warrrr w/ the British and wanted to eliminate Indian threats to pioneers moving westward

War of 1812 (madisons war)

War agaisnt British (also kinda french/Napolean British is fighting them)

• go intot he war as not so “United” States

• come out as “United” States

electrion of 1808

Madison wins

Battle of New Orelands

British attack and burn Washinton(capital), but US manages to stop them at Baltimore led by Andrew Jackson

• US considers this a win bc we didn’t get crushed

• “Blundering British Blow”

Who made Star Spangled Banner? (nat anthem)

Francis scot Key: inspired by the fighters in Baltimore that stoped British

Congress of Vienna (1814-15)

delegated the political , social , economical, future of Europe after Napolean’s defeat

Treaty of Ghent

singed christmas eve 1814, ending War of 1812

• restored all land gained and lost by ethier side (British and US)

• never mentioned any of the things that even started the war so pretty much ened in a tie

Hartford Convention 1814

extreme federalist from massachutes coneticuit and rohde Isalnd, discuss thier war greivances (didnt know US had alr “won” so war rejected/ignored)

• 2/3 to embargo, new state, declare war

• abolish slavery

• pres 1 term

• ect

Rush-Bagot Agreement

removed armed boarder bewteeen Canada and US

• now the longest un-armed boarder 5527 miles

American system

3 parts to create a bettwer American and to make home amrket

• strongbanking system—> provide easy abundant credit

• protective tarrif—> eastern manufacturing would flourish

• network of canals,roads,ect—> easy transport of raw materials from south west to production in north east

election of 1816

James Monroe

The Era of Good Feelings

Time period iafter the war of 1812

• NATIONALISIM

• connected easta nd west to trade

• sectional problems began tho

Panic of 1819

brought light to many moral issues of slavery, imprisoned debtors, wealth divde

Land Act of 1820

buy 80 acerrs for at a min of $1.25 per acre

• west also demanded cheap transportation and cheaper moeny values

Tallmedge Admendment

Missouri wanted state ship as a slave state but, gov didnt want that so they set slavary to end eventually and for thier to be no more imports of slaves

Peculiar Institution

slavery but “not”

• bc encomical benefits or smth idk

Missouri Comp.

Missouris wanted to be slave states but, have to keep ration/balance of slave vs non so..

• main will be split out of Massachusetts and made into a non-slave

• 30* 60* line split slave vs non

• showed north and south could compromise (for now, civil war in future)

loose construction

constitution derived from consent of the ppl, for gov to act on their behalf

Anglo-American convention 1818

US and Canada can be fishing buddies, 10 yr join occupation in Orgeon Country

Florida Peace Treaty 1819

spain gives florida and Texsas, spain gets parts of Oregon

Monroe Doctrine 1823

warned Europe to stay tf out and to stop bothering us, Europe dosent really care

Mass deomcracy

the common man could vote, not just EE anymore

• male white suffrage

election of 1824

John Quincy Adams wins against Andrew JAckson with a little bit of coruption

• dosent really get the whole concept of mass deomcracy tho

election of 1828

Andrew Jackson wins bc he gets mass democracy

Spoils System

politicians would offer their supporters goverment jobs if the were elected

Tarrif of 1828 (Tarrif of Abominations)

a really heavy import tax

• only benefited eastern elites and really harmed the south adn west

• South Carolina really hates it tho

South Carolina Expostiion

made by John C. Colhoun published in 1828, a pamphlet that denounced the tariff as unjust and not constitutional

Tarrif of 1832

slightly lowered in comprasion to 1828 but still didnt meet SC standards

Columbia Convention SC called for a convention

SC called for a convention

• wanted to nullify the tarrif

• threatened to take SC out the union is gov didnt oblidge

Compramise Tarrif of 1833

Henry Clay(compromise King), sugested a tariff that would graduley lower each year by 10% so that way in 8 years tarrif rates would be back to normal

Force Bill

(before Comp. Tar.) allowed government to use force to collect the taxes

Indian removal Act 1830

moved 100k indians int to sanctuaries forcibly

• Trail of tears: route they took many died very bad harsh condidtions

Black Hawk war1832

Indians led by Black Hawks tried to revolt were crushed by US gov

Bank war of 1832

Daniel Webster + Henery Clay presented COngress witht he charter to renew the BUS charter

• did it to try and get Andrew Jackson stuck

  • renew= yay EE, boo CM

  • dont renew= Yay CM, boo EE

• Chooses not to renew bc he understands that the majority of elctorial collage is the common man

pet banks

jackson started putting gov money in them instead of BUS in order to destroy BUS, also so more banks acorss america could have moeny to loan and gain intrest

• really backfires on him later on

wild cat banks

random small west banks, not credible, ppl who owed debt never payed back and created economical chaos

Spice Circular

a decree that required all public land to be bought with metallic money (real money not random wild cat bank currencies)

Financial PAnic of 1837

Era of finalcial instabilty ending era of good feelings

Whigs

another name for federalists, become a party around election of 1836

election fo 1836

Martin Van Burr elected, whigs learned form their mistakes last time and now they understood they need the common man’s votes

Divorce Bill

called for separation of government and banking/economy

• rejected

Independent Treasury Bill 1840

passed—> Independent treasury established where gov would store money in vaults

Compare VA+K resolutions and South carolina exposition?

South Carolins Exposistion and VA and Kentuck resolutions both used the compact theroy in thier arguments. and that the states should have the right to nullify.