Unit 11 base inheritance

Epistasis

The interaction of one gene obscuring the effects of another gene.

Monohybrid Cross

A cross that examines the inheritance of a single trait.

Dihybrid Cross

A cross examining the inheritance of two traits simultaneously.

Homozygous

An individual with two identical alleles for a particular gene.

Heterozygous

An individual with two different alleles for a particular gene.

Segregation

The separation of alleles during gamete formation.

Punnett Square

A diagram that predicts the genotype and phenotype combinations of a genetic cross.

Dominant Allele

An allele that is expressed in the phenotype even when heterozygous with a recessive allele.

Recessive Allele

An allele that is masked by the presence of a dominant allele.

F1 Generation

The first filial generation, offspring from parents in a genetic cross.

F2 Generation

The second filial generation, produced from the self-fertilization of the F1 generation.

Genotype

The genetic makeup of an individual, represented by alleles.

Phenotype

The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an individual.

Allele

An alternative form of a gene.

Probability

A measure of the likelihood that an event will occur.

Trait

A characteristic or feature of an organism that can be inherited.

Quantitative Trait

A trait that shows continuous variation and is influenced by multiple genes.

Phenotypic Plasticity

The ability of one genotype to produce different phenotypes in response to environmental conditions.