1.10 cariology

A carious lesion is an area of ________ as a result of the caries process.

demineralization

The caries process is a _______ mediated, _____ driven, multifactorial oral disease.

biofilm
sugar

Dental caries is a (major/minor) health problem

major

The AAPD defines early childhood caries as "the presence of one or more decayed (non-cavitated or cavitated lesions), missing (due to caries) or filled tooth surfaces in any primary tooth in a child under the age of _____."

6

most common chronic disease in children

caries

Untreated caries in permanent teeth was the ______ prevalent condition among all evaluated in the GBD (Global Burden of Diseases) 2010 study, affecting 2.4 billion people.

most

Untreated caries in deciduous teeth was the _______ prevalent condition, affecting 621million children worldwide.

10th most

4 major components of dental caries

tooth
biofilm
diet
time

Enamel is mainly composed of _______ crystals and water.

hydroxyapatite

Enamel ______ are composed of extremely long, parallel HAP crystals.

prisms

HAP formula

Ca10)PO4)6(OH)2

______ lies between enamel and the pulp and consists of organic matric and mineral salts.

dentin

types if carries

enamel
dentin
smooth surface
pit and fissure
coronal
root

primary caries

occurs on a surface not previously affected; also called initial caries; early lesion may be referred to as incipient caries

secondary caries (recurrent caries)

Occurs on the tooth that surrounds a restoration

______ ______ refers to carious tissue that was not completely excavated prior to placing a restoration. Can sometimes be difficult to differentiate from secondary caries.

residual caries

initial caries lesion

No cavitation of the lesion
aka white spot lesion

T or: most initial caries lesions can be arrested or re-mineralized, while most cavitated lesions require restorative intervention.

true

deep caries lesion

cavitated lesion exposing the inner one-third of dentin

Miller found out that bacteria of the mouth can produce _____ which dissolved tooth structures when in the presence of ______

acids
fermentable carbohydrates.

Caries is a microbial disease in which the etiologic agents are normal constituents of the oral flora, ______, ______, and _____

mutans, streptococci and Lactobacilli.

Most infants are infected with __________ from their mothers and over 50% are infected by 6 months. The pathogen becomes established around 1-2 years following _______.

S. mutans
emergence of primary teeth

As pH decreases due to acid production by oral bacteria, solubility of the hydroxyapatite crystals in enamel ______. The critical pH at which enamel undergoes dissolution is roughly ____.

increases
5.5