Understanding Sadness In Teens

for neurology class

What is a normal emotional response to challenging times that eventually goes away?

Experiencing sadness or feeling 'down' or 'blue'.

When can sadness be classified as a mood?

When the feelings are persistent but not overwhelming.

What can cause feelings of sadness?

Life events, social situations, and academic work pressure.

What are some feelings that initiate sadness?

Disappointment, loss, loneliness, and fatigue.

Why is sadness considered an adaptive emotion?

It tells us what we find important or how we want to be treated in relationships.

What defines depression?

A negative affective state that interferes with daily life, ranging from mild unhappiness to extreme sadness.

What are common signs and symptoms of depression?

Persistent sadness, changes in appetite or weight, loss of interest in activities, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and difficulty concentrating.

How long must symptoms be present to consider a diagnosis of depression?

Most of the day, nearly every day, for at least two weeks.

What are some risk factors for depression?

Biological factors, major life changes, trauma, stress, certain physical illnesses, and medications.

What are some potential causes of depression?

Stressful events, loss of someone important, living in unsafe circumstances, hormonal changes, or unknown reasons.

What is the prevalence of major depressive episodes among teens in the U.S.?

An estimated 4.1 million adolescents aged 12 to 17 had at least one major depressive episode.

What percentage of teens do not receive adequate treatment for depression?

60%.

What are common treatments for depression?

Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), medication, or a combination of both.

What are the main types of anti-depressant prescriptions?

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs).

What is the main focus of prescribed anti-depressant medication?

Enhancing the signaling of neurotransmitters.

What are some tips for teens to reduce the risk of depression?

Spend time with friends and family, engage in enjoyable activities, cut back on social media, maintain healthy habits, and practice self-care.

What should a teen do if they need help with depression?

Talk to a trusted adult, avoid isolation, adopt healthy habits, and manage stress.

What resources are available for those experiencing depression?

Mental health services, counselors, and helplines like the NAMI Helpline.

What is the most important action to take if someone needs help with depression?

Seek help immediately; do not wait.

What is the NAMI Helpline's availability?

Available Monday to Friday from 10 am to 10 pm ET.

What should you do if someone you know needs help with depression?

Help them; do not ignore it.