Human Geography Fall Final Review

Flashcards covering key concepts from the Human Geography review notes.

Continents

The seven large landmasses on Earth: Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Europe, North America, Australia, and South America.

Oceans

The five large bodies of saltwater: Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, and Arctic.

Political Map

A map showing governmental boundaries, countries, and cities.

Physical Map

A map that highlights physical features such as mountains, rivers, and lakes.

Thematic Map

A map that focuses on a specific theme or topic, such as climate or population density.

Peninsula

A landform surrounded by water on three sides.

Strait

A narrow body of water that connects two larger bodies of water.

Isthmus

A narrow strip of land connecting two larger land areas.

Bay

A body of water partially enclosed by land, often smaller than a gulf.

Gulf

A large indentation in the shoreline of an ocean or sea.

Latitude

The angular distance of a place north or south of the Earth's equator.

Longitude

The angular distance of a place east or west of the Prime Meridian.

Climate

The long-term average of weather conditions in a particular area.

Weather

The short-term atmospheric conditions in a specific place.

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

The number of live births per 1,000 people in a year.

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

The number of deaths per 1,000 people in a year.

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

The average number of children born to a woman during her lifetime.

Life Expectancy

The average number of years a person can expect to live.

Immigration

The action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country.

Emigration

The act of leaving one’s resident country to live in another.

Push Factors

Negative conditions that drive people to leave their homes.

Pull Factors

Positive conditions that attract people to a new location.

Brain Drain

The emigration of highly trained or qualified people from a particular country.

Ethnocentrism

The belief in the inherent superiority of one's own ethnic group or culture.

Cultural Relativism

The practice of assessing a culture by its own standards rather than viewing it through the lens of another culture.

Dialects

Regional varieties of a language distinguished by pronunciation, grammar, or vocabulary.

Lingua Franca

A language that is adopted as a common language between speakers whose native languages are different.

Abrahamic Religions

Religions that trace their origin to Abraham: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

Monotheism

The belief in a single all-powerful god.

Polytheism

The belief in or worship of more than one god.

Hearth

The region from which innovative ideas or cultural practices originate.