AP Euro Documents and Councils

Treaty of Tordesillas

agreement between Spain and Portugal that aimed to resolve territorial disputes over newly discovered lands in the New World.

Edict of Restitution

Ferdinand II

Restored Catholicism negates Peace of Augsburg

Triennial Act

Parliament must meet at least once every three years

Petition of right

-Charles I.

-No imprisonment without due cause; no taxes levied without Parliament's consent; soldiers not housed in private homes; no martial law during peace time

-Charles I violated -> English Civil War

Peace of Augsburg

-A treaty between Charles V and the German Protestant princes that granted legal recognition of Lutheranism in Germany

-allowed the princes to choose whether his territory would be Catholic or Lutheran

-Cuius regio, eius religion

95 thesis

-Martin Luther

-used these theses to display his displeasure with some of the Church's clergy's abuses (sale of indulgences)

-gave birth to Protestantism.

Council of Trent

-pope paul III

-no compromise with protestant beliefs

-response to protestant reformation

Act of Supremacy

-Henry VIII

-established the monarch as the supreme head of the church of england

-broke ties with the Roman Catholic Church

-cause: divorce of Henry VIII

Elizabethan Settlement

-Elizabeth I to hybrid religion to settle England's religious problems through compromise

-aimed to establish a unified national church (the church of england)

Edict of toleration

-Granted limited religious freedoms to non orthodox Christians

-Joseph II

Test Act

-excluded all but anglicans from power positions

-violated by James II (put catholics into positions of power; cause of the Glorious Rev)

Edict of Nantes

-Henry IV of France

-granted religious toleration to the Huguenots

-revoked by Louis XIV->Edict of Fountainebleau

Edict of Fountainebleau

-Louis XIV

-Revoked the edict of Nantes

Treaty of Utrecht

ended the War of Spanish Succession

Cahiers de Doleances

-List of grievances delivered to King Louis XVI by the french estates general

Tennis Court Oath

vow by members of the 3rd estate not to disband until a constitution was written

Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen

Statement of fundamental political rights adopted by the French National Assembly at the beginning of the French Revolution.

Constitution of 1791

-completely reduced king's power to a figurehead/constitutional monarch

Concordat of 1801

-Napoleon's arrangement with Pope Plus VII

-reconciled the catholic church with the french state after the French revolution

Napoleonic code

-civil code put out by Napoleon

-granted equality of all male citizens before the law and granted absolute security of wealth and private property

Six acts

-aimed to prevent radical meetings

-series of act that curtailed civil liberties in response to rising radicalism and the Peterloo Massacre (seen as conservative backlash to the working class demanding change)

Combinations acts

-outlawed labor unions during Industrial rev.

Reform act of 1832

granted factory owners and merchants the right to vote in Britain

Factory Act

-Limited children's workweek in textile factories

Treaty of Frankfurt

-Ended the Franco-Prussian War

-unified of Germany

-France ceded Alsace-Lorraine

Berlin Conference

Meeting at which Europeans agreed on rules for colonizing Africa to try to avoid war

Carlsbad Decrees

-limiting freedom of speech and dissemination of liberal ideas

(censorship)

1814 charter

-established a constitutional monarchy, guaranteed civil liberties, and acknowledged Catholicism as the state religion

-King Louis XVIII

July Ordinances

-Charles X issued

-demolished the Charter, censored the press, reduced the electorate

-response to the July Revolution

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

-agreement to end russia's involvement in WWI

-russia gives up territory

Treaty of Versailles

-ended WWI

-disarmament, reparations, territorial losses, war guilt clause, establishment of the League of Nations

-negotiated at the paris peace conference

Schlieffen Plan

-A strategy drawn up by Germany to avoid fighting a war on two fronts

-rapid invasion of France through Belgium

Paris Peace Conference

meeting that decided the terms of WWI peace and Treaty of Versailles.

14 points

-President Woodrow Wilson's plan for organizing post World War I Europe and for avoiding future wars

-called for establishment of league of nations

Zimmerman Telegram

-A telegram Germany Sent to Mexico to convince Mexico to attack the U.S

-intercepted by the British

-helped convince US to declare war on Germany in WWI

5 year plan

-Stalin

-economic programs designed to increase industrial production in Russia

-collectivized agriculture

Glasnost

-oppenness; no censorship; freedom of speech

-Gorbachev

Perestroika

-reduced the size of the bureaucracy

-Gorbachev

Demokratizatsiya

-policy to make USSR more democratic

-eliminated soviet monopoly on politicians

Maastricht Agreement

European parliament the creation of European Identity over national identity

Truman Doctrine

-gave aid to greece and Turkey helped them avoid communism

-US will provide aid to democratic nations facing threats from authoritarian forces

-containment of communism

Marhshall Plan

-American program to aid Europe

-to prevent the spread of Soviet Communism

-president Truman

Brezhnev Doctrine

soviet union will intervene if any communist/warsaw pact country tries to move away from communism

Munich Agreement

-gave hitler the Sudetenland

-Ex of appeasement

Tehran Conference

-Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin

-agreed not to give up until there was an unconditional surrender of Germany and Japan

Lateran Accords

-Mussolini

-papacy granted political sovereignty over Vatican city

marriage of church and state

25 points

-outlined the NAZI party's core goals

-revoked Jews' civil rights

-adopts swastika

-revokes Versailles treaty

Nuremburg Laws

-antisemitic laws

-only Germans were allowed citizenship

-forbade German and Jewish marriages

Yalta Conference

-Meeting with FDR, Winston Churchill, and Stalin to plan for post-WWII

-Germany's surrender must be unconditional

-division of Germany

-denazification and demilitarization

-UN

-Punishment of NAZI war criminals

The Second Vatican Council

-protestants no longer considered heretics "separated brethren"

-masses in the vernacular

Postdam Conference

Where after WW2 Churchill, Truman, and Stalin met to decide what to do with Germany

English Bill of Rights

Forced William and Mary to allow for Parliament to have to sign off on money and army things