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What is density?
The amount of mass in a volume.
What is the equation for density?
Density = Mass/Volume
ρ = m/V
What is volume?
The amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container.
What is the equation for volume? (For a cube)
Base x Width x Height
What is pressure?
The amount of force that is spread out over a certain area.
State the relation between pressure, force, and area.
Pressure = Force / Area
P = F/A
What is the unit for pressure?
Pascal (Pa)
What is the unit for density?
Rho(ρ)
How much pressure is 1 atmospheric unit?
101.325 kPa
What are Barometers used for?
Used to measure atmospheres.
Which type of force is Friction Force?
Contact force.
Which type of force is the pressure exerted by the air?
Atmospheric pressure.
Which type of force is Muscular force?
Contact force.
Which type of force is Magnetic force?
Non-contact force.
Which type of force is Electrostatic force?
Non-contact force.
Which type of force is Gravitational force?
Non-contact force.
Which type of force is Pressure?
Force per unit of area.
Which type of force is Force.
A push or a pull.
What is the relationship between pressure and volume?
When the pressure increases, volume decreases, meaning they are indirectly proportionate, as long as the temperature stays constant.
What is the equation for pressure in fluids?
Pressure = density x acceleration due to gravity x height
P = ρgh
What is a fluid?
A liquid or a gas.
h = 1.5m
ρ = 1020 kg/m³
g = 10 N/kg
P = ρgh = (1020)(10)(1.5) = 15300 Pa
What is internal energy?
The sum of kinetic and potential energy of the particles.
What is heat energy?
Internal energy transferred.
What is temperature?
The average kinetic energy of the molecules.
What is heat?
The total amount of thermal energy in an object.
The average kinetic energy of the particles in a gas is directly proportional to…
the temperature of the gas measured in Kelvin.
Why do materials expand when they are heated?
The particles gain energy and vibrate more, moving further apart.
What is this called?
Thermal expansion.
Why do gases expand the most among other states of matter?
There is more room for the gas particles to go to.
What’s the equation specific heat capacity?
Energy = mass x specific heat capacity x change in temperature
E = m x c x ΔT
What is the unit for specific heat capacity
Joules / kilogram / degree celcius
J/kg/°C
What is this specific heat capacity for water?
4180 J/kg/°C
What are the 3 factors to always consider when dealing with a fixed mass of gas?
Pressure, Volume, and Temperature.
What is Boyle’s law?
P1 x V1 = P2 x V2
At constant temperature…
pV is constant.
What are some examples of Boyle’s law in real life?
Syringe, Lungs, Fish, Bicycle pump
What is Gay Lussac’s law?
P1/T1 = P2/T2
P1 x T2 = P2 x T1
How many °C is 1 Kelvin?
-273°C
What is Kelvin also known as?
Absolute zero, as no particles are able to vibrate or move at that temperature.
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