Energy Part 1

Physics paper 1

What are energy stores?

Energy that is transferred to an object which is stored in one of the object's energy store

Name all the energy stores (8)

kinetic

Thermal

Chemical

Gravitational

Elastic

Electric

Magnetic

Nuclear

Ways energy is transferred? define each term (4)

• Mechanical work

↳ a 𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗰𝗲 moving an object

• Electrical work

↳ 𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗴𝗲𝘀 moving due to P.D

• Heating

↳ temperature difference, either electrically or due to a chemical reaction

• Radiation

↳ energy transferred as a 𝘄𝗮𝘃𝗲

Define Dissipation

Ways that energy are wasted

What is the conservation of energy?

Energy can be transferred: usefully, stored, or dissipated, but cannot be created or destroyed- all energy was present at the big bang

Define thermal conductivity. What is the difference between high and low?

Tells us how effective an object is at allowing thermal energy to pass through:

𝗛𝗶𝗴𝗵 thermal conductivity- good 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘥𝘶𝘤𝘵𝘰𝘳

𝗟𝗼𝘄 thermal conductivity- good 𝙞𝙣𝙨𝙪𝙡𝙖𝙩𝙤𝙧

What are the renewable energy sources (7)

wind

Solar

Hydro electric- dam

Tidal

Wave

Geothermal

Biomass- living organisms

Define renewable

A renewable energy resource which is being REPLENISHED as it is used

What are the non-renewable energy resources

-Fossil fuels (gas, coal, oil)

-Nuclear energy

Define system

An object or group of objects

How do you increase the efficiency of an energy transfer?

• Thermal insulation

  Energy is wasted through 𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹 𝗲𝗻𝗲𝗿𝗴𝘆

  ↳ double glaze windows and insulate the house

• Lubrication

  Energy can be lost due to 𝗳𝗿𝗶𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 → oil

• Streamlining

  Objects travelling through air experience 𝗮𝗶𝗿 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲

  ↳Change the shape of the object so reduce the effect of air resistance

Why are energy resources used?

For:

• Transport

• Electricity

• Heating