vitamins

Vitamin K

Needed for blood clotting

Prothrombin (protein that forms a blood clot)

thrombin → fibrinogen → fibrin

Vitamin K Storage

Not stored very well

Dicoumarol

Found in some clovers causes bleeding; depletes the stores of vitamin k

Thiamine (B1)

Maintenance of nervous system & carbohydrate metabolism to release energy

Beriberi

Nervous disorder in humans originated in Chinese & Japanese jails

Niacin (B3)

Deficiency causes Pellegra, which is characterized by the 3 D's: diarrhea, dementia, & dermatitis

Vitamin B12

Prevention of pernicious anemia

Vitamin A

Needed for maintaining epithelial tissue, producing fluids that protect the eye, and adjusting to bright lights

Beta carotene

Occurs in plants but can be stored in animal tissue, especially liver

Vitamin A Storage

Vitamin A is stored in the liver

Vitamin D

Only actively found in animals

Provitamins in animals

7-dehydrocholesterol

Vitamin D Activation

Ultraviolet light (sunshine) activates them

Vitamin E

Antioxidant (free radical scavenger)

Vitamin E Deficiency

Called 'white muscle disease'

Selenium

Goes with Vitamin E