ENGL111-Midterms

Simple Present Tense

A verb tense that describes the base form of a verb, indicating habitual actions or statements of fact.

Repeated Action

A use of Simple Present Tense to indicate habits, hobbies, daily events, or scheduled events.

Simple Past Tense

A verb tense formed by adding 'd' or 'ed' at the end of the verb, indicating completed actions in the past.

Present Continuous Tense

A verb tense used to show that an ongoing action is currently happening; formed with am/is/are + present participle.

Past Continuous Tense

A verb tense that indicates an ongoing action occurring at a specific moment in the past, formed with was/were + present participle.

Future Perfect Tense

A verb tense that describes completed actions before a certain point in the future, formed with will have + past participle.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

A tense that describes actions started in the past and continuing into the present, formed with has/have been + present participle.

Coherence

A situation where all parts of a text fit together well, forming a united whole.

Cohesion

The way different parts of a text refer to each other, using linking devices and ensuring clarity.

Adjectives

Words that modify a noun or pronoun, describing features such as quantity, quality, or other characteristics.

Irregular Verbs

Verbs that do not follow the regular pattern of conjugation in the past tense or past participle.

Active Voice

The subject of the sentence performs the action expressed by the verb.

Passive Voice

The subject of the sentence is acted upon by the verb.

Transitive Verb

A verb that requires one or more objects to complete its meaning.

Intransitive Verb

A verb that does not require an object to complete its meaning.

Modal Verbs

Auxiliary verbs that express necessity or possibility, such as can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would.

Subject-Verb Agreement

The grammatical rule that the subject and verb in a sentence must agree in number.

Conjunction

A word that connects clauses or sentences, or coordinates words in the same clause.

Preposition

A word that shows the relationship between a noun (or pronoun) and other words in a sentence.

Direct Object

A noun or pronoun that receives the action of a verb.

What does the Simple Present Tense indicate?

The Simple Present Tense indicates habitual actions or statements of fact.

How is the Simple Past Tense formed?

The Simple Past Tense is formed by adding 'd' or 'ed' to the base form of the verb.

What is an example of Present Continuous Tense?

An example is 'I am reading a book' which indicates an ongoing action.

What does Past Continuous Tense represent?

Past Continuous Tense represents an ongoing action that was occurring at a specific moment in the past.

What is Future Perfect Tense used for?

Future Perfect Tense is used to describe actions that will be completed before a certain point in the future.

What defines Present Perfect Continuous Tense?

It describes actions that started in the past and are continuing into the present.

What does coherence in text mean?

Coherence means that all parts of a text fit together well, forming a united whole.

Why are adjectives important in writing?

Adjectives modify nouns and pronouns, providing clarity about features like quantity and quality.

What distinguishes a transitive verb from an intransitive verb?

A transitive verb requires an object to complete its meaning, while an intransitive verb does not.

What is the role of a conjunction in a sentence?

A conjunction connects clauses or sentences, or coordinates words in the same clause.

Regular Verbs

Verbs that form their past tense by adding 'ed' to the base form.

Past Perfect Tense

A verb tense that describes actions completed before another point in the past, formed with had + past participle.

Future Continuous Tense

A verb tense used to describe actions that will be ongoing at a specific time in the future, formed with will be + present participle.

Present Perfect Tense

A verb tense that describes actions that occurred at an unspecified time before now, formed with has/have + past participle.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

A verb tense describing actions that were ongoing in the past before another past action, formed with had been + present participle.

Use of Past Tense

To indicate actions that happened and were completed in the past.

Use of Present Continuous Tense

To indicate actions that are currently happening or ongoing.

Example of Past Perfect Tense

An example is 'She had finished her homework before dinner.'

Example of Future Continuous Tense

An example is 'I will be studying at 8 PM.'

Differences between Perfect and Progressive Tenses

Perfect tenses express completed actions, while progressive tenses express ongoing actions.

Examples of Regular Verbs

Examples include 'walk', 'talk', and 'play', which all form their past tense by adding 'ed'.

How to identify a Regular Verb?

A regular verb can be identified by its ability to form the past tense by adding 'ed' to its base form.

Past Tense of 'Jump'

The past tense of 'jump' is 'jumped'.

Past Tense of 'Play'

The past tense of 'play' is 'played'.

Past Tense of 'Cook'

The past tense of 'cook' is 'cooked'.

Regular Verb Conjugation in Simple Past

Regular verbs form the simple past by adding 'ed' to the base form.

Negative Form of Regular Verbs in Past Tense

Formed with 'did not' + base verb, e.g., 'I did not walk.'

Regular Verb in Present Tense

In present tense, regular verbs add 's' or 'es' for third-person singular, e.g., 'He walks.'

Past Participle of Regular Verbs

Formed by adding 'ed'; e.g., the past participle of 'clean' is 'cleaned'.

Regular Verb Examples in Sentences

'She walked to the park' and 'They played football.'

Difference Between Regular and Irregular Verbs

Regular verbs follow a consistent pattern in past tense formation, while irregular verbs do not.

An example of a Regular Verb Sentence

'He baked a cake for her birthday.'

How Regular Verbs Affect Clarity in Writing

Regular verbs help provide clarity due to their predictable conjugation patterns.

Common Mistakes with Regular Verbs

Adding 'ed' incorrectly to irregular base forms is a common mistake.

Past Continuous Tense with Regular Verbs

Formed using 'was/were' + base form + 'ing', e.g., 'I was writing.'

Present Perfect Tense with Regular Verbs

Formed using 'has/have' + past participle, e.g., 'I have finished.'

Future Tense Formation of Regular Verbs

Future tense is formed with 'will' + base verb, e.g., 'I will walk.'

Identifying Regular Verbs in Text

Look for verbs that form their past tense by following the 'ed' rule.

Use of Regular Verbs in Creative Writing

Regular verbs are useful for maintaining a consistent tone and flow in writing.

Present Continuous Tense of Regular Verbs

Formed with 'am/is/are' + base verb + 'ing', e.g., 'They are playing.'

Definition of 'Base Form' of a Verb

The base form is the infinitive form of the verb without 'to', e.g., 'go'.

Conjugation of 'Visit' in Past Tense

The past tense of 'visit' is 'visited'.

Examples of Regular Verbs in Everyday Usage

Words like 'help', 'remember', and 'enjoy' are commonly used regular verbs.

How to Form Questions with Regular Verbs

Use 'did' for past tense, e.g., 'Did you call him?'

Using Regular Verbs in the Passive Voice

Passive voice is structured as 'be' + past participle, e.g., 'The letter was mailed.'

Common Suffixes for Regular Verbs

Many regular verbs end in -ed or -ing forms.

Regular Verb Chart Examples

Charts can display base, past, and past participle forms of regular verbs.

Impacts of Regular Verbs in Communication

They aid in clear communication through familiarity and consistency.

Challenges with Regular Verbs in ESL Learning

New learners may struggle with consistent use of regular verb forms.

What is a verb tense?

A verb tense indicates the time of an action or state of being.

What does the Simple Present Tense express?

It expresses habitual actions or general truths.

What is an example of a Simple Past Tense verb?

An example is 'walked', which is the past form of 'walk'.

When is Present Continuous Tense used?

It is used for actions happening right now or ongoing actions.

How is Future Perfect Tense formed?

It is formed using 'will have' + past participle.

What does Past Continuous Tense describe?

It describes actions that were ongoing at a specific past time.

What does Subject-Verb Agreement ensure?

It ensures that a subject and verb agree in number.

Give an example of a modal verb.

'Can' is an example of a modal verb.

What do adjectives do in a sentence?

Adjectives modify nouns by describing qualities or characteristics.

Define Transitive Verb.

A transitive verb requires an object to complete its action.

Provide an example of Intransitive Verb.

An example is 'sleep', which does not require an object.

What distinguishes Active Voice?

In active voice, the subject performs the action of the verb.

What is Passive Voice?

In passive voice, the subject receives the action of the verb.

How to form questions in Simple Present Tense?

Use 'do' or 'does' at the beginning of the question.

What are Irregular Verbs?

Verbs that do not follow regular conjugation patterns in past tense.

How are adjectives typically used in writing?

They provide detail to enhance the description of nouns.

What is the purpose of a conjunction?

A conjunction connects words, phrases, or clauses.

How is the Future Continuous Tense structured?

It is structured as 'will be' + present participle.

What is Past Perfect Tense used for?

To describe actions completed before another past action.

What does the Present Perfect Continuous Tense indicate?

It indicates actions that started in the past and continue to the present.

How do regular verbs typically form the past tense?

They typically form the past tense by adding 'ed'.

What are common suffixes for regular verbs?

Common suffixes include '-ed' for past tense and '-ing' for present participle.

Define Cohesion in text.

Cohesion refers to how different parts of a text are connected and flow together.

What is the definition of 'direct object'?

A direct object is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of a verb.

Explain the difference between Perfect and Progressive tenses.

Perfect tenses indicate completed actions, while Progressive tenses describe ongoing actions.

Give an example of Past Perfect Continuous Tense.

An example is 'They had been studying before the test.'

What does coherence in writing mean?

Coherence means that ideas are logically connected and understandable.

Identify the function of prepositions in sentences.

Prepositions show the relationship between nouns and other words.

How do you form the negative of regular verbs in past tense?

Use 'did not' + base verb, e.g., 'did not walk'.

What is an example of Present Perfect Tense?

An example is 'I have eaten lunch.'

What role does context play in verb tense usage?

Context helps determine the appropriate tense to convey time and action.